Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,510 questions · 2,653 findings · 194 reviews · Gynaecology and Fertility

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No studies found 531 · 20%GRADE not reported 76 · 2.9%Very low 826 · 31.1%Low 855 · 32.2%Moderate 341 · 12.9%High 24 · 0.9%

Varicocele treatment vs non‐surgical, delayed, or no treatment

Varicocele recurrence · Varicoceles in subfertile men

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical or radiological treatment for varicoceles in subfertile men 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Varicocele treatment vs non‐surgical, delayed, or no treatment

Quality of life · Varicoceles in subfertile men

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical or radiological treatment for varicoceles in subfertile men 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Surgical vs radiological treatment

Live birth · Varicoceles in subfertile men

It is very uncertain whether surgical treatment changes live birth compared with radiological treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical or radiological treatment for varicoceles in subfertile men 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.49 [0.66, 3.37]
1 study · 155 participants
Very low

Surgical vs radiological treatment

Adverse event: hydrocele formation · Varicoceles in subfertile men

It is very uncertain whether surgical treatment changes adverse event: hydrocele formation compared with radiological treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical or radiological treatment for varicoceles in subfertile men 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.24 [0.53, 33.76]
3 studies · 284 participants
Very low

Surgical vs radiological treatment

Pregnancy · Varicoceles in subfertile men

Surgical treatment showed no clear difference in pregnancy compared with radiological treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical or radiological treatment for varicoceles in subfertile men 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.13 [0.75, 1.7]
5 studies · 456 participants
Low

Surgical vs radiological treatment

Varicocele recurrence · Varicoceles in subfertile men

Surgical treatment showed no clear difference in varicocele recurrence compared with radiological treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical or radiological treatment for varicoceles in subfertile men 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.31 [0.82, 2.8]
3 studies · 380 participants
Low

Assisted hatching vs no assisted hatching

Live birth rate per woman · women undergoing assisted reproduction

Assisted hatching showed no clear difference in live births per woman randomised compared with no assisted hatching (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Assisted hatching on assisted conception (in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.09 [0.92, 1.29]
14 studies · 2849 participants
Low

Assisted hatching vs no assisted hatching

Multiple pregnancy rate · women undergoing assisted reproduction

Assisted hatching may leads to higher multiple pregnancy rate per woman randomised compared with no assisted hatching (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Assisted hatching on assisted conception (in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.38 [1.13, 1.68]
18 studies · 4308 participants
Low

Assisted hatching vs no assisted hatching

Clinical pregnancy rate · women undergoing assisted reproduction

Assisted hatching may leads to higher clinical pregnancy rate per woman randomised compared with no assisted hatching (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Assisted hatching on assisted conception (in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.2 [1.09, 1.33]
39 studies · 7249 participants
Low

Assisted hatching vs no assisted hatching

Miscarriage · women undergoing assisted reproduction

It is very uncertain whether assisted hatching changes miscarriage rate per woman randomised compared with no assisted hatching (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Assisted hatching on assisted conception (in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.13 [0.82, 1.56]
17 studies · 2810 participants
Very low

Double intrauterine insemination (IUI) vs single IUI

Live birth rate · stimulated cycles for subfertile couples

Double intrauterine insemination (IUI) showed no clear difference in live birth ratea compared with single IUI (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Double versus single intrauterine insemination (IUI) in stimulated cycles for subfertile couples 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.15 [0.71, 1.88]
3 studies · 468 participants
Low

Double intrauterine insemination (IUI) vs single IUI

Miscarriage · stimulated cycles for subfertile couples

Double intrauterine insemination (IUI) showed no clear difference in miscarriage ratea compared with single IUI (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Double versus single intrauterine insemination (IUI) in stimulated cycles for subfertile couples 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.78 [0.98, 3.24]
6 studies · 2363 participants
Low

Double intrauterine insemination (IUI) vs single IUI

Clinical pregnancy · stimulated cycles for subfertile couples

Double intrauterine insemination (IUI) may leads to higher clinical pregnancy ratea compared with single IUI (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Double versus single intrauterine insemination (IUI) in stimulated cycles for subfertile couples 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.51 [1.23, 1.86]
9 studies · 2716 participants
Low

Double intrauterine insemination (IUI) vs single IUI

Multiple pregnancy rate · stimulated cycles for subfertile couples

Double intrauterine insemination (IUI) showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy ratea compared with single IUI (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Double versus single intrauterine insemination (IUI) in stimulated cycles for subfertile couples 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.04 [0.91, 4.56]
5 studies · 2203 participants
Low

Double intrauterine insemination (IUI) vs single IUI

Ectopic pregnancy · stimulated cycles for subfertile couples

Double intrauterine insemination (IUI) showed no clear difference in ectopic pregnancy ratea compared with single IUI (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Double versus single intrauterine insemination (IUI) in stimulated cycles for subfertile couples 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.22 [0.35, 4.28]
4 studies · 1048 participants
Low

Postoperative use of LNG‐IUD vs expectant management

Overall pain at 12 months Â · Patients with symptomatic endometriosis following surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine device (LNG‐IUD) for symptomatic endometriosis following surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Postoperative use of LNG‐IUD vs postoperative GnRH‐a

Chronic pelvic pain at 12 months Â

1 finding from 1 review

Levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine device (LNG‐IUD) for symptomatic endometriosis following surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Postoperative use of LNG‐IUD vs postoperative GnRH‐a

Dysmenorrhoea at 12 months Â

1 finding from 1 review

Levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine device (LNG‐IUD) for symptomatic endometriosis following surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18 participants
Very low

Postoperative use of LNG‐IUD vs postoperative GnRH‐a

Improvement of the most troublesome symptom at 12 months Â

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine device (LNG‐IUD) for symptomatic endometriosis following surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Postoperative use of LNG‐IUD vs postoperative GnRH‐a

Quality of life at 12 months Â

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine device (LNG‐IUD) for symptomatic endometriosis following surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found