Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

316 questions · 321 findings · 136 reviews

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No studies found 52 · 16.2%GRADE not reported 21 · 6.5%Very low 115 · 35.8%Low 92 · 28.7%Moderate 33 · 10.3%High 8 · 2.5%

Synbiotic vs paraffin

Withdrawals due to adverse events · children with chronic constipation without a physical explanation

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics for treatment of chronic constipation in children 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 60 participants
GRADE not reported

Probiotics vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · children with chronic constipation without a physical explanation

Probiotic showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics for treatment of chronic constipation in children 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.64 [0.21, 1.95]
5 studies · 357 participants
Low

High‐dose colchicine vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · acute gout

1 finding from 1 review

Colchicine for acute gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 111 participants
GRADE not reported

High‐dose vs low‐dose colchicine

Withdrawals due to adverse events · acute gout

1 finding from 1 review

Colchicine for acute gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 126 participants
GRADE not reported

Low‐dose colchicine vs NSAIDs

Withdrawals due to adverse events · acute gout

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Colchicine for acute gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Low‐dose colchicine vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · acute gout

1 finding from 1 review

Colchicine for acute gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 133 participants
GRADE not reported

Antidepressants vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders

Antidepressant showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for functional abdominal pain disorders in children and adolescents 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.17 [0.65, 15.33]
3 studies · 238 participants
Low

Non‐selective NSAIDs vs selective cyclo‐oxygenase‐2 inhibitors

Withdrawals due to adverse events · acute gout

Non‐selective NSAIDs probably leads to higher withdrawals due to adverse events compared with selective cyclo‐oxygenase‐2 inhibitors (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for acute gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.34 [1.33, 4.14]
Studies not reported
Moderate

NSAIDs vs glucocorticoids

Withdrawals due to adverse events · acute gout

NSAIDs showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events compared with glucocorticoids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for acute gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.8 [0.55, 14.22]
Studies not reported
Moderate

NSAIDs vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · acute gout

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for acute gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement)

Belimumab 10 mg/kg showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Belimumab for systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.63, 1.07]
5 studies · 2890 participants
Moderate

Medicine‐separated moxibustion combined with acupuncture vs wheat bran‐separated moxibustion combined with shallow acupuncture

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with Crohn's disease

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 102 participants
Very low

soft non‐manipulative osteopathic treatment vs no intervention

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with Crohn's disease

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 30 participants
Very low

Directed stress management (it is unclear whether these interventions replaced standard treatment or were added to standard treatment) vs usual care

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with Crohn's disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Self‐directed stress management (it is unclear whether these interventions replaced standard treatment or were added to standard treatment) vs usual care

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with Crohn's disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Web‐based education vs standard book‐based education

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with inflammatory bowel disease

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 60 participants
Very low

Kefir ( Lactobacillus bacteria) vs no intervention

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with inflammatory bowel disease

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Relaxation vs WAIT LIST

Withdrawals due to adverse events · UC patients

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in ulcerative colitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Kefir ( Lactobacillus bacteria) vs no intervention

Withdrawals due to adverse events · UC patients

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in ulcerative colitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
GRADE not reported

Stellate ganglion block vs sulphasalazine

Withdrawals due to adverse events · UC patients

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in ulcerative colitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found