What do systematic reviews say?

Chronic MND: Cervical/UE Stretch/ROM Exercises + Cervical/Scapulothoracic+/‐UE Strengthening + Dynamic/Static Cervical Stabilization + ANOTHER INTERVENTION vs THAT SAME INTERVENTION

• Exercises for mechanical neck disorders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 165 participants
  Low

Chronic MND: Cervical Stretch/ROM Exercises + Cervical/Scapulothoracic Strengthening + Static/Dynamic Cervical/Shoulder Stabilization vs WAIT LIST

• Exercises for mechanical neck disorders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 143 participants
  Moderate

Case management vs usual care

Case management showed no clear difference in quality of life (participants) at 12 months compared with usual care (high certainty).

• Case management approaches to home support for people with dementia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  SMD 0.05
  3 studies · 511 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Hyaluronic acid and other conservative treatment options for osteoarthritis of the ankle 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 45 participants
  GRADE not reported

COMPARISON 1. ARIPIPRAZOLE vs QUETIAPINE

• Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 100 participants
  Very low

Theory-based oral health education/promotion interventions (HBM, TPB, SCT, HAPA, TTM, PMT, SOC, PRECEDE-PROCEED, MI) vs Control (waitlist, routine/standard oral health education, or minimal intervention)

Theory-based interventions significantly improved oral health-related quality of life (SMD 7.38; low certainty), with very high heterogeneity.

• Health promotion theory-based educational interventions for improving oral health in children and adolescents: a… 2025 All outcomes

  Post-intervention (follow-up 0.5 to 12 months, varies by study) · School-based and community settings; multiple countries (predominantly Iran; also Pakistan, Hong Kong, Lithuania, Thailand) · Overall
  SMD 7.38 [5.57, 9.19]
  4 studies · 4751 participants
  Low

Dental cavity liner (e.g. calcium hydroxide, glass ionomer, resin-modified glass ionomer, or flowable composite) placed under the restoration vs No cavity liner or a different liner material

No included study reported oral health-related quality of life (a planned outcome), so no evidence is available.

• Efficacy of different cavity liners compared to no cavity lining in managing deep caries in vital permanent teeth - a… 2025 All outcomes

  >=6 months · Dental clinical settings (multiple countries)
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Partial pulpotomy vs Full (complete) pulpotomy

No included study reported oral health-related quality of life (a planned outcome), so no evidence is available.

• The effectiveness of partial pulpotomy compared with full pulpotomy in managing deep caries in vital permanent teeth… 2025 All outcomes

  >=6 months · University dental clinics, India (single-centre)
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Safe housing / favorable household conditions vs Unsafe housing / poor household conditions

Safe housing and favorable household conditions are associated with better OHRQoL in adolescents (narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate or GRADE rating).

• Oral-health-related quality of life in adolescents: umbrella review. 2023 All outcomes

  Community/school/clinic settings; adolescents 10-19 years; included reviews conducted in multiple countries
  having parents who can provide dental care and safe housing are positive predictors for OHRQoL. Socioeconomic factors related to the area of residence, satisfaction with oral health and dental care were shown to be…
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Traumatic dental injury (dental trauma) vs No dental trauma

Complicated traumatic dental injuries (pulp exposure or tooth darkening) worsen OHRQoL in adolescents, while uncomplicated injuries show little impact (narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate or GRADE rating).

• Oral-health-related quality of life in adolescents: umbrella review. 2023 All outcomes

  Community/school/clinic settings; adolescents 10-19 years; included reviews conducted in multiple countries
  The impact of dental trauma sequelae on OHRQoL in adolescents was observed in five systematic reviews [31-35]. The studies show that uncomplicated traumatic injuries do not have a negative impact on the OHRQoL of…
  5 studies
  GRADE not reported

Operative treatment of dental caries lesions vs No caries treatment

Operative treatment of caries lesions has a positive effect on OHRQoL in adolescents, though the included evidence was of low quality (narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate or GRADE rating by the umbrella review).

• Oral-health-related quality of life in adolescents: umbrella review. 2023 All outcomes

  Community/school/clinic settings; adolescents 10-19 years; included reviews conducted in multiple countries
  the operative treatment of caries lesions has a positive effect on OHRQoL, despite the low quality of evidence [9]. There is low evidence that the OHRQoL of children and adolescents improved following caries…
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Periodontal disease (severe periodontitis) vs Individuals without periodontal disease (by LOA)

Severe periodontal disease is associated with worse OHRQoL in adolescents (narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate or GRADE rating).

• Oral-health-related quality of life in adolescents: umbrella review. 2023 All outcomes

  Community/school/clinic settings; adolescents 10-19 years; included reviews conducted in multiple countries
  individuals with severe periodontitis had worse OHRQoL scores [9].
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Dental caries vs Absence/lower severity of dental caries

Dental caries is associated with worse OHRQoL in adolescents, with greater severity linked to greater impact (narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate or GRADE rating).

• Oral-health-related quality of life in adolescents: umbrella review. 2023 All outcomes

  Community/school/clinic settings; adolescents 10-19 years; included reviews conducted in multiple countries
  The impact of dental caries on OHRQoL was addressed in five systematic reviews [9, 26, 34, 36, 37]. Three articles report that the greater the severity of the carious lesion, the worse the impact on OHRQoL in…
  5 studies
  GRADE not reported

Higher family income / socioeconomic status vs Lower income / worse socioeconomic status

Higher family income / better socioeconomic status is associated with better OHRQoL in adolescents (narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate or GRADE rating).

• Oral-health-related quality of life in adolescents: umbrella review. 2023 All outcomes

  Community/school/clinic settings; adolescents 10-19 years; included reviews conducted in multiple countries
  Adolescents from families with higher incomes and higher levels of maternal education have better OHRQoL scores [34]. Worse oral health status, older age, female sex and worse socioeconomic status were significantly…
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Completed orthodontic treatment vs Untreated / never received orthodontic treatment

Completing orthodontic treatment is associated with improved OHRQoL in adolescents (narrative synthesis; included reviews report low-to-moderate certainty; no pooled estimate or GRADE rating by the umbrella review).

• Oral-health-related quality of life in adolescents: umbrella review. 2023 All outcomes

  Community/school/clinic settings; adolescents 10-19 years; included reviews conducted in multiple countries
  Adolescents who had never received orthodontic treatment had a greater impact on quality of life compared to patients who had already completed treatment [34, 40, 44-46]. Orthodontic treatment during childhood or…
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Missing teeth / tooth loss vs No tooth loss

Tooth loss/edentulism is associated with worse OHRQoL in adolescents (narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate or GRADE rating).

• Oral-health-related quality of life in adolescents: umbrella review. 2023 All outcomes

  Community/school/clinic settings; adolescents 10-19 years; included reviews conducted in multiple countries
  Toothache, DMT and tooth loss have a high impact on OHRQoL in adolescentes [26].
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Oral-health-related quality of life in adolescents: umbrella review. 2023 All outcomes

  Untreated fractured tooth vs no trauma
  Relative risk (reporting impact) Fourfold (4x) greater risk
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Poor / irregular toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Irregular/poor toothbrushing is associated with worse OHRQoL in adolescents (narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate or GRADE rating).

• Oral-health-related quality of life in adolescents: umbrella review. 2023 All outcomes

  Community/school/clinic settings; adolescents 10-19 years; included reviews conducted in multiple countries
  The systematic review reports factors that physical disability, visual impairment, mental disorders, poor diet and irregular brushing negatively impact OHRQoL [36].
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Light vibrational forces (LVF) vs Conventional orthodontic appliance treatment

• Non‐surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Katchooi 2018 (unclear risk of bias): light vibrational forces had no statistically significant (P>0.05) effect on OHRQoL when used with orthodontic aligners.
  1 study · 27 participants
  GRADE not reported

Steroid implant vs standard‐of‐care therapy

• Corticosteroid implants for chronic non‐infectious uveitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Moderate