Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

61 questions · 61 findings · 36 reviews

No studies found 32 · 52.5%GRADE not reported 12 · 19.7%Very low 5 · 8.2%Low 4 · 6.6%Moderate 5 · 8.2%High 3 · 4.9%

Patient‐initiated appointment systems vs consultant‐led appointment systems

QoL · adults with a chronic or recurrent condition

Patient‐initiated appointment systems showed no clear difference in patient outcomes: quality of life (different scales used across… compared with consultant‐led appointment systems (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Double primary (canine and first molar) tooth extraction vs Single primary (canine) tooth extraction

Patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) · Young people aged 9 to 14 years diagnosed with one or both palatally displaced permanent maxillary canines (PDC)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral hygiene interventions (mechanical plaque removal): knowledge-based, behavioural, or skills training for people with ID or their carers vs Usual care, no care, or a similar alternative intervention

Quality of life changes or long-term, patient-centred outcomes (e.g. tooth retention) · People with intellectual disabilities (ID), living at home, in day care, in hospital or in a residential care setting; all levels of ID as…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium vs placebo

Number of patients with a clinically significant worsening (≥ 4 units) in quality of life (SGRQ) · people with COPD who have smoked for ≥ 10 pack‐years

Tiotropium leads to lower number of patients with a clinically significant worsening (≥ 4… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aclidinium bromide vs placebo

Quality of life: number of participants with clinically significant improvement (≥ 4 units) in SGRQ total score · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Aclidinium bromide leads to higher quality of life Number of patients who achieved at least 4 units… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium vs placebo

Quality of life: number of participants with clinically significant improvement (≥ 4 units) in SGRQ total score · people with COPD who have smoked for ≥ 10 pack‐years

Tiotropium leads to higher number of patients with a clinically significant improvement (≥ 4… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rivastigmine vs placebo

Quality of life of patients or carers (measured using NPI‐D carer distress scale (change from baseline at 24 weeks) · Apathy in people with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease
1 finding from 1 review

Ruxolitinib vs placebo

Health‐related quality of life Patients that achieved a reduction of 50% or more in the total MF Symptom Assessment Form · Patients with treating MF

Ruxolitinib may leads to higher health‐related quality of life Patients that achieved a reduction of… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Advance care planning vs usual care

Quality of communication Measured on Quality of Patient‐Clinician Communication About End‐of‐Life Care. Higher score indicates high satisfaction with the quality of communication Assessed after intervention · people with heart failure with or without their surrogate decision‐makers/carers
1 finding from 1 review

Conventional occlusion vs atropine penalization

Quality of life (different measures and time points reported in the included studies) Assessed at different time points (17 weeks or 6 months) by patient preference or the Amblyopia Treatment Index questionnaire. · Participants of any age with either unilateral strabismic, anisometropic, or mixed (strabismic‐refractive) amblyopia; deprivation…
1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings for the main comparison: comprehensive care programmes vs usual care

Parent health, functioning, and quality of life Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) (higher scores = more of the outcome of interest, which can mean improvement or deterioration depending on the outcome) · children with medical complexity
1 finding from 1 review