Supervised maintenance programme following pulmonary rehabilitation showed no clear difference in mortality compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supervised maintenance programmes following pulmonary rehabilitation compared to usual care for chronic obstructive… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.73 [0.36, 1.51]
6 studies · 755 participants
Moderate

Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Phosphodiesterase‐4 inhibitors showed no clear difference in mortality compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase‐4 inhibitors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.98 [0.77, 1.24]
27 studies · 19786 participants
Moderate

Streptokinase vs urokinase

All‐cause mortality · adult parapneumonic effusions and empyema

Streptokinase showed no clear difference in mortality compared with urokinase (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐pleural fibrinolytic therapy versus placebo, or a different fibrinolytic agent, in the treatment of adult… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.32 [0.01, 8.25]
1 study · 50 participants
Low

Alteplase vs urokinase

All‐cause mortality · adult parapneumonic effusions and empyema

Alteplase showed no clear difference in mortality compared with urokinase (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐pleural fibrinolytic therapy versus placebo, or a different fibrinolytic agent, in the treatment of adult… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.94 [0.18, 4.89]
1 study · 99 participants
Low

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i vs placebo, on combination therapy

All‐cause mortality · pulmonary arterial hypertension

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i showed no clear difference in mortality compared with placebo, on combination therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.26 [0.07, 1.06]
3 studies · 492 participants
Moderate

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i vs ERA

All‐cause mortality · pulmonary arterial hypertension

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i showed no clear difference in mortality compared with ERA (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 3.19 [0.74, 13.64]
2 studies · 272 participants
Moderate

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · people with pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i showed no clear difference in mortality compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.27 [0.28, 5.8]
3 studies · 286 participants
Moderate

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · pulmonary arterial hypertension

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i leads to lower mortality compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.22 [0.07, 0.68]
8 studies · 1119 participants
High

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Mixed Pulmonary hypertension group 2 ‐ 4 ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · people with pulmonary hypertension group 2 ‐ 4

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Selexipag vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · pulmonary arterial hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Prostacyclin for pulmonary arterial hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1199 participants
Moderate

Prostacyclin vs control

All‐cause mortality · pulmonary arterial hypertension

Prostacyclin probably leads to lower mortality compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prostacyclin for pulmonary arterial hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.6 [0.38, 0.94]
15 studies · 2554 participants
Moderate

Influenza vaccine vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · COPD

Influenza vaccine showed no clear difference in mortality compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Influenza vaccine for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.87 [0.28, 2.7]
2 studies · 180 participants
Low

Nurse‐led care vs doctor‐led care

All‐cause mortality · management of bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Nurse‐led versus doctor‐led care for bronchiectasis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days vs SCS treatment

All‐cause mortality · exacerbations of COPD

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days showed no clear difference in mortality compared with SCS treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Different durations of corticosteroid therapy for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.91 [0.4, 2.06]
2 studies · 336 participants
Moderate

Macrolides vs no intervention

All‐cause mortality · adults with bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Macrolide antibiotics for bronchiectasis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 88 participants
Very low