What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to higher live birth rate (moderate certainty).

• Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.36 [1.02, 1.81]
  1 study · 844 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in live birth rate (low certainty).

• Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.76, 1.2]
  2 studies · 157 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Progestogens vs Progestogen 2

• Progestogens for prevention of luteinising hormone (LH) surge in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 2 participants
  GRADE not reported

Letrozole with or without adjuncts vs SERMs with or without adjuncts followed by timed intercourse

Letrozole with or without adjuncts leads to higher live birth rate compared with SERMs with or without adjuncts followed by timed intercourse (high certainty).

• Aromatase inhibitors (letrozole) for ovulation induction in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.72 [1.4, 2.11]
  11 studies · 2060 participants
  High

Letrozole vs laparoscopic ovarian drilling

It is very uncertain whether letrozole changes live birth rate compared with laparoscopic ovarian drilling (very low certainty).

• Aromatase inhibitors (letrozole) for ovulation induction in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 2.07 [0.99, 4.32]
  1 study · 141 participants
  Very low

Progesterone vs placebo/no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Luteal phase support for women trying to conceive by intrauterine insemination or sexual intercourse 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intramuscular (IM) progesterone vs vaginal progesterone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Luteal phase support for women trying to conceive by intrauterine insemination or sexual intercourse 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Oral progesterone vs vaginal progesterone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Luteal phase support for women trying to conceive by intrauterine insemination or sexual intercourse 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Chinese herbal medicines vs clomiphene

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Chinese herbal medicine for subfertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Pentoxifylline vs no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pentoxifylline for the treatment of endometriosis‐associated pain and infertility 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Dopamine agonist vs other active intervention

Dopamine agonist showed no clear difference in live birth rate compared with other active intervention (low certainty).

• Dopamine agonists for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.08 [0.73, 1.59]
  2 studies · 430 participants
  Low

Dopamine agonist vs placebo or no intervention

Dopamine agonist showed no clear difference in live birth rate compared with placebo/no intervention (low certainty).

• Dopamine agonists for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.96 [0.6, 1.55]
  3 studies · 362 participants
  Low

Dopamine agonist plus co‐intervention vs co‐intervention

Dopamine agonist plus co‐intervention showed no clear difference in live birth rate compared with co‐intervention (low certainty).

• Dopamine agonists for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.21 [0.81, 1.8]
  2 studies · 400 participants
  Low

Gore‐Tex vs oxidised regenerated cellulose

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Analysis 1 ‐ Oxidised regenerated cellulose vs no treatment at laparoscopy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Analysis 7 ‐ Collagen membrane with polyethylene glycol and glycerol vs Ringer's lactate

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Analysis 1 ‐ Oxidised regenerated cellulose vs no treatment at laparotomy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Gel agents vs hydroflotation agents used

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Fluid and pharmacological agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Hydroflotation agents vs no hydroflotation agents (or placebo)

Hydroflotation agents showed no clear difference in live birth rate compared with no hydroflotation agents (or placebo) (low certainty).

• Fluid and pharmacological agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.67 [0.29, 1.58]
  2 studies · 208 participants
  Low

Steroids vs no steroids (or placebo)

Steroids (any route) may leads to lower live birth rate compared with no steroids (or placebo) (low certainty).

• Fluid and pharmacological agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.65
  2 studies · 223 participants
  Low