Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

142 questions · 143 findings · 50 reviews

No studies found 27 · 18.9%GRADE not reported 6 · 4.2%Very low 66 · 46.2%Low 24 · 16.8%Moderate 19 · 13.3%High 1 · 0.7%

Benzoyl peroxide vs adapalene

Withdrawals due to adverse outcomes · participants with acne

It is very uncertain whether benzoyl peroxide changes withdrawal due to adverse effects (long‐term data) Treatment… compared with adapalene (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzoyl peroxide vs clindamycin

Adverse effects (side effects; treatment withdrawals) · participants with acne

It is very uncertain whether benzoyl peroxide changes withdrawal due to adverse effects (long‐term data) Treatment… compared with clindamycin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Memantine vs placebo

Adverse effects sufficient to stop treatment · Children aged 6 to 18 years with ASD

Memantine showed no clear difference in adverse effects Assessed by the study authors as those that were… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mosaicplasty vs microfracture

Failure of treatment and adverse effects: long‐term Participants with surgery and symptom recurrence · Adults with isolated cartilage defects (defect areas 1.0 cm2 to 6.0 cm2) of the knee

It is very uncertain whether mosaicplasty changes failure of treatment and adverse effects: long‐term Participants… compared with microfracture (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Large retro‐equatorial recession of horizontal rectus muscle of 9 mm on the medial rectus and 12 mm on the lateral rectus vs simple tenotomy and resuturing of the 4 horizontal rectus muscles

Change in proportion of participants with adverse effects with a probable causal link to the treatment · infantile nystagmus syndrome
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects during treatment Intervention: Hyperbaric chamber/ 160 millibars versus supplementary oxygen · people suffering from high altitude illness
1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy plus other treatment vs other treatment

Incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 595‐nm PDL plus verapamil versus verapamil ‐ total ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy plus other treatment changes incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 595‐nm PDL plus… compared with other treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects Time of measurement: 1 to 48 hours after treatment, end of treatment Scale of measurement:not stated · people suffering from high altitude illness
1 finding from 1 review

Imiquimod 5% cream with tazarotene 0.1% gel vs Imiquimod 5% cream alone

Discontinuation of treatment due to side effects ( · participants with melanoma in situ, including lentigo maligna

Imiquimod 5% cream with tazarotene 0.1% gel showed no clear difference in secondary outcome: Discontinuation of treatment because of harms… compared with imiquimod 5% cream alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy plus other treatment vs other treatment

Incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 595‐nm PDL plus verapamil versus verapamil ‐ purpura ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy plus other treatment changes incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 595‐nm PDL plus… compared with other treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy plus other treatment vs other treatment

Incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 595‐nm PDL plus verapamil versus verapamil ‐ regrowth ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy plus other treatment changes incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 595‐nm PDL plus… compared with other treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy vs other treatments

Incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ fractional CO2 laser versus TAC ‐ charring ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy changes incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐… compared with other treatments (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy plus other treatment vs other treatment

Incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects: CO2 laser plus TAC versus cryosurgery plus TAC ‐ atrophy ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy plus other treatment changes incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects: CO2 laser plus TAC… compared with other treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy plus other treatment vs other treatment

Incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ CO2 laser plus TAC versus cryosurgery plus TAC ‐ erythema ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy plus other treatment changes incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ CO2 laser plus TAC… compared with other treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy vs other treatments

Incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ fractional CO2 laser versus TAC ‐ skin atrophy ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy changes incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐… compared with other treatments (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy plus other treatment vs other treatment

Incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 595‐nm PDL plus verapamil versus verapamil ‐ depigmentation ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy plus other treatment changes incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 595‐nm PDL plus… compared with other treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy vs other treatments

Incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ fractional CO2 laser versus TAC ‐ telangectasia ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy changes incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐… compared with other treatments (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy vs no treatment

Incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ NAFL versus no treatment ‐ scar worsening ‐ hypertrophic scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy changes incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ NAFL… compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy vs other treatments

Incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 585‐nm PDL versus TAC: sequelae ‐ hypertrophic and keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy changes incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 585‐nm… compared with other treatments (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy vs other treatments

Incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ fractional CO2 laser versus verapamil ‐ charring ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy changes incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐… compared with other treatments (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review