Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,949 questions · 1,994 findings · 636 reviews

No studies found 504 · 25.3%GRADE not reported 340 · 17.1%Very low 477 · 23.9%Low 390 · 19.6%Moderate 241 · 12.1%High 42 · 2.1%

Zonisamide vs placebo

Nausea · people with focal epilepsy

Zonisamide probably leads to higher adverse effects: nausea (whole treatment period; any dose) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral miltefosine (50 mg for 28 days) vs 28 days on/off placebo regimen

Adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) · People with American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

Oral miltefosine (50 mg for 28 days) probably leads to higher adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) compared with placebo (same regimen) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral miltefosine (1.2 to 3.3 mg/kg/d 28 days) vs meglumine antimoniate (20 mg/kg 20 days)

Adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) · People with American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

Oral miltefosine (1.2 to 3.3 mg/kg/d 28 days) probably leads to higher adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) compared with meglumine antimoniate (20 mg/kg 20 days) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects ‐ important extrapyramidal adverse effects · people with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs RISPERIDONE

Adverse effects: specific ‐ acute dystonia · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes adverse effects: Specific ‐ acute dystonia during 24 hours compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: h. RISPERIDONE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs prophylactic drugs

Adverse effects (drop‐outs due to adverse effects4) · people with episodic migraine

Acupuncture probably leads to lower number of participants dropping out due to adverse effects compared with prophylactic drugs (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs sham

Adverse effects (drop‐outs due to adverse effects4) · people with episodic migraine

Acupuncture showed no clear difference in number of participants dropping out due to adverse effects compared with sham interventions (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adalimumab every other week vs placebo

Proportion of participants with infectious adverse effects · participants with hidradenitis suppurativa

Adalimumab every other week showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with infectious adverse effects compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adalimumab weekly vs placebo

Proportion of participants with infectious adverse effects · participants with hidradenitis suppurativa

Adalimumab weekly showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with infectious adverse effects compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Part-time clear plastic (removable) retainer vs Any type of fixed (bonded) retainer

Adverse effects on oral health: Gingival Index (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment

It is very uncertain whether part-time clear plastic (removable) retainer changes adverse effects on oral health: Gingival Index (lower arch) compared with any type of fixed (bonded) retainer (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CAD/CAM nitinol fixed (bonded) retainer vs Multistrand / spiral wire fixed (bonded) retainer

Adverse effects on oral health: Gingival Index (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment

CAD/CAM nitinol fixed (bonded) retainer showed no clear difference in adverse effects on oral health: Gingival Index (lower arch) compared with conventional/analogue multistrand fixed (bonded) retainer (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fibre-reinforced composite fixed (bonded) retainer vs Multistrand / spiral wire fixed (bonded) retainer

Adverse effects on oral health: Gingival Index (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Zonisamide vs placebo

Adverse effect: fatigue · people with focal epilepsy

Zonisamide probably leads to higher adverse effects: fatigue (whole treatment period; any dose) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review