Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,949 questions · 1,994 findings · 636 reviews

No studies found 504 · 25.3%GRADE not reported 340 · 17.1%Very low 477 · 23.9%Low 390 · 19.6%Moderate 241 · 12.1%High 42 · 2.1%

Laser therapy plus other treatment vs other treatment

Incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 595‐nm PDL plus verapamil versus verapamil ‐ pain related to treatment ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy plus other treatment changes incidence of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 595‐nm PDL plus… compared with other treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy vs other treatments

Incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 585‐nm PDL versus TAC plus 5‐FU ‐ purpura ‐ hypertrophic and keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy changes incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 585‐nm… compared with other treatments (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse effects / specific side effects (oral allergic reactions, mucosal irritation, adverse symptoms such as nausea, gagging, vomiting) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
1 finding from 1 review

Magnetic seizure therapy plus standard care vs electroconvulsive therapy plus standard care

Adverse effects: clinically important adverse effectsassessed by: number of participants with a delayed memory deficitStudy duration: 4 weeks · people with the acute phase of schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether magnetic seizure therapy plus standard care changes adverse effects: clinically important adverse effectsassessed by:… compared with electroconvulsive therapy plus standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy vs other treatments

Incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ fractional CO2 laser versus verapamil ‐ pain at injection site ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy changes incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐… compared with other treatments (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy vs other treatments

Incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 585‐nm PDL versus silicone gel sheeting ‐ skin irritation ‐ hypertrophic scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy changes incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 585‐nm… compared with other treatments (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE vs GENERAL ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Adverse effects: general ‐ movement disorders ‐ requiring anticholinergic medication ‐ short term Numbers requiring anticholinergic medication · patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses

It is very uncertain whether FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE changes adverse effects: general ‐ movement disorders ‐ requiring… compared with ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: multimedia education and a co‐intervention vs co‐intervention alone

Medication side effects Mean adverse self‐medication behaviour score (lower scores indicate safer self‐medication behaviour). Scale from: 0 to 40. · patients taking prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications or their carers
1 finding from 1 review

LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS: unspecified ‐ versus standard‐lower dose (greater than or equal to 4‐<6 mg/day) · patients with schizophrenia

LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) probably leads to lower adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS:… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS: unspecified ‐ versus standard‐higher dose (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) · patients with schizophrenia

LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) showed no clear difference in adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS:… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Adverse effects of antibiotics · prolonged wet cough in children

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in children experiencing adverse effects of antibiotics (e.g.… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE vs other depot antipsychotic drugs

Adverse effects: general ‐ movement disorders ‐ requiring anticholinergic medication ‐ short/medium term Numbers requiring anticholinergic medication · patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE showed no clear difference in adverse effects: general ‐ movement disorders ‐ requiring… compared with OTHER DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy vs other treatments

Incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser versus TAC ‐ pain at injection site ‐ keloid scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy changes incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐… compared with other treatments (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser therapy vs other treatments

Incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 585‐nm PDL versus silicone gel sheeting ‐ pain during laser treatments ‐ hypertrophic scars ‐ · participants with hypertrophic and keloid scars

It is very uncertain whether laser therapy changes incidence and severity of treatment‐related adverse effects ‐ 585‐nm… compared with other treatments (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects of intraoperative wakefulness and/or postoperative awareness (i.e. post‐traumatic stress syndrome, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, etc.) · patients with decreasing recall of events during surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review