Findings

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,949 questions · 1,994 findings · 636 reviews

No studies found 504 · 25.3%GRADE not reported 340 · 17.1%Very low 477 · 23.9%Low 390 · 19.6%Moderate 241 · 12.1%High 42 · 2.1%

HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: j. ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE

Tremor · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes adverse effects: specific ‐ tremor by 7 days compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: k. ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

NSAIDs (ketorolac oral rinse; systemic celecoxib) vs placebo or no treatment

Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
  • SoF 3, Safety of the intervention over 3 months: systemic celecoxib (1 study) - 32 intervention participants reported 56 adverse effects, 20 placebo participants reported 20; 4 grade 3 events; 2 discontinued. Ketorolac…
    2 studies
    GRADE not reported

Topical bleomycin vs placebo or no treatment

Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    up to 3 months
    SoF 5, Safety of the intervention up to 3 months: 'All patients in the bleomycin group developed erythema with erosion by the end of the applications, whereas erythema developed in the placebo group. Discomfort was…
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Systemic beta carotene or carotenoids (incl. lycopene) vs placebo or no treatment

Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    5 to 12 months
    SoF 2, Safety of the intervention at 5 to 12 months: 'Systemic beta carotene did not cause any adverse effects in 1 study supplementing 10 mg/d (Nagao), and caused adverse effects of varying severity in 9% of…
    3 studies
    GRADE not reported

Dietary supplements vs placebo

Zinc sulphate versus placebo Adverse effects · women with moderate or severe primary dysmenorrhoea

It is very uncertain whether dietary supplements changes zinc sulphate versus placebo Adverse effects compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary supplements (alpha lipoic acid +/- adjunctive ingredients) vs placebo

Gastrointestinal adverse events · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether dietary supplements (alpha lipoic acid +/- adjunctive ingredients) changes adverse effects: gastrointestinal complaints compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Herbal extracts (tea components; Chinese herbal mixture; freeze-dried black raspberry gel) vs placebo or no treatment

Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    up to 3 months
    SoF 4, Safety of the intervention up to 3 months: '3 studies measured adverse effects: green tea extract capsules caused high frequency (93%) of adverse effects of varying severity in 1 study; the mixed tea study did…
    3 studies
    GRADE not reported

Vitamin A or retinoids (systemic or topical; incl. 13-cis-retinoic acid, acitretin) vs placebo or no treatment

Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    4 to 12 months
    SoF 1, Safety of the intervention at 4 to 12 months: '3 studies (1 each evaluating topical acitretin, topical 13-cis-retinoic acid, 200,000 IU per week of vitamin A) found no adverse effects. Systemic 13-cis-retinoic…
    4 studies
    GRADE not reported

Bowman-Birk inhibitor vs placebo or no treatment

Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    up to 6 months
    SoF 6, Safety of the intervention up to 6 months: 'Trial authors reported that there were no significant adverse effects. 33 participants in the intervention group reported 75 adverse effects. 25 participants in the…
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Videolaryngoscopy vs direct laryngoscopy

Airway‐related adverse effects: airway trauma · neonates (0 to 28 days of age) who needed tracheal intubation

Videolaryngoscopy probably leads to lower airway‐related adverse effects: airway trauma compared with conventional direct laryngoscopy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Buspirone vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · cannabis dependence

Buspirone showed no clear difference in participants withdrawn due to adverse effects compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

N‐acetylcysteine vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · cannabis dependence

N‐acetylcysteine showed no clear difference in participants withdrawn due to adverse effects compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review