Primary study · included by 5 reviews

Physical Frailty and Oral Frailty Associated with Late-Life Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Lin 2022 · Lin Ying-Chun, Huang Shan-Shan, Yen Cheng-Wei, et al. · Journal of personalized medicine · 2022

Included by

Factors associated with oral frailty in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Non-Cochrane · aetiology · 2025 · cited as Lin 2022 · Table 1; References

The review does not say which of its outcomes this study informs.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Global Prevalence of Dry Mouth in Older Adults.
Non-Cochrane · prevalence · 2026 · cited as Lin 2022 · Table 2; Fig. 2-4; reference list
Outcome this study informsPooled effectEvidenceCertainty
Xerostomia (self-reported dry mouth)
Not applicable (prevalence) vs Not applicable (prevalence)
Prevalence (%) 20 [18, 22]32 studiesGRADE not reported
Xerostomia (self-reported dry mouth)
Not applicable (prevalence review); xerostomia · Prevalence at time of survey
Prevalence, percent (random effects, Freeman-Tukey double arcsine, DerSimonian-Laird) 21 [19, 23]34 studies · 1640079 participantsGRADE not reported
Xerostomia (self-reported dry mouth)
Not applicable (prevalence) vs Not applicable (prevalence)
Prevalence (%) 21 [19, 23]33 studiesGRADE not reported
Xerostomia (self-reported dry mouth)
Not applicable (prevalence review); xerostomia · Prevalence at time of survey
Prediction interval 11% to 34%34 studies · 1640079 participantsGRADE not reported
Xerostomia (self-reported dry mouth)
Not applicable (prevalence) vs Not applicable (prevalence)
Prevalence (%) 20 [19, 22]33 studiesGRADE not reported
Prevalence of xerostomia and hyposalivation in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Non-Cochrane · prognostic · 2026 · cited as Lin 2022 · Supplementary Appendix 3 (eReferences)

The review does not say which of its outcomes this study informs.

Association between oral frailty and physical frailty among older adults: a meta-analysis.
Non-Cochrane · aetiology · 2026 · cited as Lin 2022 · Table 1; Fig. 3; References
Outcome this study informsPooled effectEvidenceCertainty
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 2.05 [1.71, 2.46]3 studies · 4609 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 2.39 [1.62, 3.53]3 studies · 5114 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 2.00 [1.28, 3.11]5 studies · 6358 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 3.58 [1.11, 11.52]6 studies · 3869 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 2.34 [1.96, 2.79]4 studies · 24749 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 5.09 [1.83, 14.16]6 studies · 22804 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 5.69 [1.15, 28.02]4 studies · 3086 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 9.63 [1.33, 69.61]3 studies · 1340 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
meta-regression coefficient (beta) -1.55 [-2.23, -0.87]NRGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 3.33 [1.76, 6.31]11 studies · 11300 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 6.22 [0.60, 64.06]3 studies · 1858 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 2.53 [1.71, 3.74]3 studies · 22976 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 2.46 [2.05, 2.94]13 studiesGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 3.11 [1.89, 5.10]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 2.57 [2.09, 3.15]8 studies · 27809 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 2.77 [1.72, 4.46]3 studies · 4911 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 2.56 [2.08, 3.15]8 studies · 30407 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 1.76 [1.05, 2.97]3 studies · 1530 participantsGRADE not reported
Physical frailty
Oral frailty (exposure) vs No oral frailty (non-oral frailty or oral robust) · Cross-sectional association (baseline data)
OR 2.42 [1.99, 2.94]11 studies · 32936 participantsGRADE not reported
Outcome this study informsPooled effectEvidenceCertainty
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.336 [1.122, 1.592]7 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.6075 [1.277, 2.0236]15 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
Ratio of ORs 2.0486 [1.4838, 2.8284]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.624 [1.292, 2.042]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.554 [1.29, 1.873]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
Ratio of ORs 0.9043 [0.7661, 1.0673]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
Ratio of ORs 0.7273 [0.5013, 1.0551]15 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.29 [0.99, 1.69]15 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.3632 [0.9508, 1.9544]15 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.654 [1.321, 2.071]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
Ratio of ORs 0.905 [0.7196, 1.1383]15 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.651 [1.257, 2.168]12 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.651 [1.316, 2.071]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.671 [1.35, 2.069]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.584 [1.298, 1.933]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
Ratio of ORs 0.97 [0.5494, 1.7126]15 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.335 [1.129, 1.58]3 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.59 [1.276, 1.981]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.8261 [1.4222, 2.3448]15 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.4648 [1.3327, 1.61]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
Ratio of ORs 0.7663 [0.6724, 0.8732]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.592 [1.278, 1.982]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.614 [1.273, 2.046]13 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.421 [1.231, 1.64]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.633 [1.3, 2.052]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.862 [1.385, 2.502]9 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.633 [1.3, 2.052]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.6273 [1.2767, 2.0742]15 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.656 [1.324, 2.071]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
Ratio of ORs 1.6988 [1.0479, 2.7541]15 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.655 [1.321, 2.075]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.607 [1.283, 2.013]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.692 [0.074, 38.498]2 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.613 [1.311, 1.986]15 studiesVery low
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 2.588 [1.35, 4.961]5 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
Ratio of ORs 1.0485 [0.5064, 2.171]15 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.266 [1.047, 1.531]6 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.604 [1.17, 2.2]3 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
Ratio of ORs 1.0179 [0.6652, 1.5574]15 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
Ratio of ORs 1.1491 [0.7628, 1.7311]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.637 [1.311, 2.044]14 studiesGRADE not reported
Depressive outcomes
Poorer oral structural or functional status vs Better oral status or function
OR 1.639 [1.301, 2.065]14 studiesGRADE not reported

5 including reviews in total.