Non-Cochrane · intervention · PM42139649
Outcomes of resin infiltration for white spot lesions at different time points: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ståhl Laura, Papageorgiou Spyridon N, Westerlund Anna, et al. · European journal of orthodontics · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.1093/ejo/cjag021
Findings
84 findings
| Population | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with at least one buccal white spot lesion on an anterior tooth or canine | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel (follow-up vs immediate post-treatment); WSL vs sound adjacent enamel for SAE outcomes | Standardized color difference of the WSL (ΔE WSL) Immediately post-infiltration to 6 months · Mostly university clinics or hospitals; 12 countries · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 1.66 [-4.85, 8.17] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with at least one buccal white spot lesion on an anterior tooth or canine | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel (follow-up vs immediate post-treatment); WSL vs sound adjacent enamel for SAE outcomes | Standardized color difference of the WSL (ΔE WSL) Immediately post-infiltration to 6 months · Mostly university clinics or hospitals; 12 countries | MD -3.01 [-18.26, 12.25] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patients with at least one buccal white spot lesion on an anterior tooth or canine | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel (follow-up vs immediate post-treatment); WSL vs sound adjacent enamel for SAE outcomes | Standardized color difference of the WSL (ΔE WSL) Immediately post-infiltration to 12 months · Mostly university clinics or hospitals; 12 countries · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 2.18 [-5.07, 9.43] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with at least one buccal white spot lesion on an anterior tooth or canine | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel (follow-up vs immediate post-treatment); WSL vs sound adjacent enamel for SAE outcomes | Standardized color difference of the WSL (ΔE WSL) 3 to 6 months post-infiltration · Mostly university clinics or hospitals; 12 countries | MD -6.27 [-17.43, 4.89] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with at least one buccal white spot lesion on an anterior tooth or canine | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel (follow-up vs immediate post-treatment); WSL vs sound adjacent enamel for SAE outcomes | Color difference between WSL and sound adjacent enamel (standardized color difference, ΔE WSL/SAE) Immediately post-infiltration to 6 months · Mostly university clinics or hospitals; 12 countries · Sensitivity analysis by sample size: up to 80 lesions | MD -0.07 [-0.33, 0.19] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patients with at least one buccal white spot lesion on an anterior tooth or canine | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel (follow-up vs immediate post-treatment); WSL vs sound adjacent enamel for SAE outcomes | Color difference between WSL and sound adjacent enamel (standardized color difference, ΔE WSL/SAE) Immediately post-infiltration to 6 months · Mostly university clinics or hospitals; 12 countries · Sensitivity analysis by study design: randomized trials | MD -0.13 [-0.38, 0.11] GRADE not reported 5 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 1 month | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel post-treatment to 1 month · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -0.11 [-1.19, 0.98] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 1 month | Laser fluorescence post-treatment to 1 month · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -0.12 [-0.42, 0.19] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 1 month | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) post-treatment to 1 month · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 11.88 [5.93, 17.84] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with at least one buccal white spot lesion on an anterior tooth or canine | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel (follow-up vs immediate post-treatment); WSL vs sound adjacent enamel for SAE outcomes | Color difference between WSL and sound adjacent enamel (standardized color difference, ΔE WSL/SAE) Immediately post-infiltration to 6 months · Mostly university clinics or hospitals; 12 countries · Sensitivity analysis by sample size: more than 80 lesions | MD 0.10 [-0.98, 1.19] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 1 month | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel post-treatment to 1 month · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -0.11 [-1.19, 0.98] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 1 month | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) post-treatment to 1 month · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 11.88 [5.93, 17.84] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 1 month | Laser fluorescence post-treatment to 1 month · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -0.12 [-0.42, 0.19] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with at least one buccal white spot lesion on an anterior tooth or canine | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel (follow-up vs immediate post-treatment); WSL vs sound adjacent enamel for SAE outcomes | Standardized color difference of the WSL (ΔE WSL) Immediately post-infiltration to 12 months · Mostly university clinics or hospitals; 12 countries | MD -6.63 [-45.62, 32.36] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with at least one buccal white spot lesion on an anterior tooth or canine | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel (follow-up vs immediate post-treatment); WSL vs sound adjacent enamel for SAE outcomes | Standardized color difference of the WSL (ΔE WSL) 6 to 12 months post-infiltration · Mostly university clinics or hospitals; 12 countries · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 1.67 [-2.27, 5.61] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with at least one buccal white spot lesion on an anterior tooth or canine | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel (follow-up vs immediate post-treatment); WSL vs sound adjacent enamel for SAE outcomes | Standardized color difference of the WSL (ΔE WSL) 6 to 12 months post-infiltration · Mostly university clinics or hospitals; 12 countries | MD -1.30 [-7.54, 4.94] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with at least one buccal white spot lesion on an anterior tooth or canine | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel (follow-up vs immediate post-treatment); WSL vs sound adjacent enamel for SAE outcomes | Standardized color difference of the WSL (ΔE WSL) Immediately post-infiltration to 3 months · Mostly university clinics or hospitals; 12 countries | MD -2.84 [-31.11, 25.43] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 3 months | ICDAS II score post-treatment to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0.04 [-0.09, 0.18] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 3 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) post-treatment to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 9.58 [-4.38, 23.55] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 3 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel post-treatment to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -0.14 [-0.93, 0.64] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 3 months | Laser fluorescence post-treatment to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0.35 [-1.81, 2.50] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 3 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel post-treatment to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -0.14 [-0.93, 0.64] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 3 months | CIE lightness (L) of the WSL post-treatment to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0.87 [-0.71, 2.44] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 3 months | ICDAS II score post-treatment to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0.04 [-0.09, 0.18] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 3 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) post-treatment to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 9.58 [-4.38, 23.55] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 3 months | CIE lightness (L) of the WSL post-treatment to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0.87 [-0.71, 2.44] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 3 months | Laser fluorescence post-treatment to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0.35 [-1.81, 2.50] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0 [-0.42, 0.41] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | Laser fluorescence post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 2.20 [-3.30, 7.71] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | CIE b component of the WSL post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 1.43 [-0.21, 3.08] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | CIE lightness (L) of the WSL post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 1.17 [-1.67, 4.01] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0 [-0.42, 0.41] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | Laser fluorescence post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 2.20 [-3.30, 7.71] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | WSL area ratio post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -4.04 [-9.29, 1.20] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | CIE b component of the WSL post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 1.43 [-0.21, 3.08] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 6.98 [-9.34, 23.30] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | CIE a component of the WSL post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0.09 [-0.51, 0.69] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis by design: non-randomized study | MD 0.66 [0.24, 1.08] GRADE not reported 1 study |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | CIE lightness (L) of the WSL post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 1.17 [-1.67, 4.01] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | ICDAS II score post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -0.26 [-0.80, 0.28] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | CIE a component of the WSL post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0.09 [-0.51, 0.69] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 6.98 [-9.34, 23.30] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | ICDAS II score post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -0.26 [-0.80, 0.28] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 6 months | WSL area ratio post-treatment to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -4.04 [-9.29, 1.20] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 12 months | Laser fluorescence post-treatment to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 4.98 [-2.52, 12.48] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 12 months | Laser fluorescence post-treatment to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 4.98 [-2.52, 12.48] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 12 months | WSL area post-treatment to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -1.26 [-3.81, 1.28] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 12 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) post-treatment to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -1.06 [-170.65, 168.53] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 12 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel post-treatment to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -0.04 [-0.50, 0.42] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 12 months | WSL area ratio post-treatment to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -3.99 [-9.16, 1.18] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 12 months | WSL area post-treatment to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -1.26 [-3.81, 1.28] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 12 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) post-treatment to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -1.06 [-170.65, 168.53] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 12 months | WSL area ratio post-treatment to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -3.99 [-9.16, 1.18] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: Post-treatment vs 12 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel post-treatment to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -0.04 [-0.50, 0.42] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 1 month vs 3 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 1 to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0 [-0.06, 0.05] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 1 month vs 3 months | Laser fluorescence 1 to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -1.17 [-4.08, 1.75] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 1 month vs 3 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) 1 to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0.78 [-1.57, 3.13] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 1 month vs 3 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 1 to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0 [-0.06, 0.05] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 1 month vs 3 months | Laser fluorescence 1 to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -1.17 [-4.08, 1.75] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 1 month vs 3 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) 1 to 3 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0.78 [-1.57, 3.13] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 3 months vs 6 months | CIE lightness (L) of the WSL 3 to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 1.19 [0.12, 2.26] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 3 months vs 6 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 3 to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0 [-0.06, 0.05] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 3 months vs 6 months | CIE lightness (L) of the WSL 3 to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 1.19 [0.12, 2.26] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 3 months vs 6 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) 3 to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -2.13 [-4.33, 0.08] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 3 months vs 6 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) 3 to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -2.13 [-4.33, 0.08] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 3 months vs 6 months | Laser fluorescence 3 to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 4.45 [2.95, 5.94] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 3 months vs 6 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 3 to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0 [-0.06, 0.05] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 3 months vs 6 months | Laser fluorescence 3 to 6 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 4.45 [2.95, 5.94] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | CIE b component difference between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0.76 [0, 1.53] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -10.61 [-29.62, 8.40] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | CIE lightness (L) difference between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -0.06 [-0.53, 0.41] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | Patient satisfaction (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale) 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -10.61 [-29.62, 8.40] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | CIE lightness (L) of the WSL 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0.42 [0.08, 0.76] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -0.11 [-0.41, 0.19] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | CIE a component difference between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0.61 [0.03, 1.18] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | WSL area ratio 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0.04 [-0.48, 0.56] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | WSL area ratio 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0.04 [-0.48, 0.56] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | Color difference (delta E) between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -0.11 [-0.41, 0.19] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | CIE b component difference between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0.76 [0, 1.53] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | Laser fluorescence 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -0.06 [-5.40, 5.27] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | Laser fluorescence 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD -0.06 [-5.40, 5.27] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | CIE a component difference between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Gabr 2024 | MD 0.61 [0.03, 1.18] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | CIE lightness (L) of the WSL 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD 0.42 [0.08, 0.76] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patients with white spot lesions on anterior teeth treated with resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) | Within resin-infiltrated lesions: 6 months vs 12 months | CIE lightness (L) difference between the WSL and sound adjacent enamel 6 to 12 months · Clinical studies (university clinics and hospitals) | MD -0.06 [-0.53, 0.41] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
Included primary studies 34
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kannan 2019 Comparative evaluation of Icon® resin infiltration and Clinpro™ XT varnish on colour and fluorescence changes of white spot lesions: a… PMID:31204437 | 2019 | 3 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gu 2019 Esthetic improvements of postorthodontic white-spot lesions treated with resin infiltration and microabrasion: A split-mouth, randomized… PMID:30719932 | 2019 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kashash 2024 Resin infiltration versus fluoride varnish for visual improvement of white spot lesions during multibracket treatment. A… PMID:38733458 | 2024 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Knösel 2019 Long-term follow-up of camouflage effects following resin infiltration of post orthodontic white-spot lesions in vivo. PMID:30324799 | 2019 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Simon 2022 Management of Post Orthodontic White Spot Lesions Using Resin Infiltration and CPP-ACP Materials- A Clinical Study. PMID:35311975 | 2022 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Wierichs 2023b Masking-efficacy and caries arrestment after resin infiltration or fluoridation of initial caries lesions in adolescents during… PMID:37730095 | 2023 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ciftci 2018 The efficacy of resin infiltrate on the treatment of white spot lesions and developmental opacities. PMID:30417842 | 2018 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Eckstein 2015 Camouflage effects following resin infiltration of postorthodontic white-spot lesions in vivo: One-year follow-up. PMID:25126675 | 2015 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Giray 2018 Resin infiltration technique and fluoride varnish on white spot lesions in children: Preliminary findings of a randomized clinical trial. PMID:30560818 | 2018 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gozetici 2019 Comparative Evaluation of Resin Infiltration and Remineralisation of Noncavitated Smooth Surface Caries Lesions: 6-month Results. PMID:30874252 | 2019 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rohym 2021 One Year Clinical Evaluation of White Spot Lesions with Newly Introduced Resin Modified Glass-Ionomer in Comparison to Resin Infiltration… DOI:10.14295/bds.2021.v24i1.2063 | 2020 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ding 2024 In-vitro and in-vivo comparative studies of treatment effects on enamel demineralization during orthodontic therapy: implications for… PMID:39316130 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| ElSayed 2021 Resin Infiltration Versus Acid Micro-Abrasion In The Treatment Of Resin Infiltration Versus Acid Micro-Abrasion In The Treatment Of White… DOI:10.54623/fdj.7023 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Feng 2013 [Efficacy of one year treatment of icon infiltration resin on post-orthodontic white spots]. PMID:23411517 | 2013 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gabr 2022 NCT:05550116 | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gabr 2024 Comparative evaluation of Giomer coating material Versus Icon resin infiltration in masking of White Spot Lesions (An In Vivo Study). DOI:10.21608/ajdsm.2022.160670.1365 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gholami 2023 Effect of Extent of White Spot Lesions on the Esthetic Outcome after Treatment by the Resin Infiltration Technique: A Clinical Trial. PMID:38025306 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Giannetti 2018 "Superficial infiltration to treat white hypomineralized defects of enamel: clinical trial with 12-month follow-up. PMID:30334435 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Giudice 2020 Spectrophotometric Evaluation of Enamel Color Variation Using Infiltration Resin Treatment of White Spot Lesions at One Year Follow-Up. PMID:32290119 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Goda 2018 An in vivo study on the durability of resin infiltration technique on color masking of white spot lesions DOI:10.21608/ajdsm.2018.71485 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Golia 2025 Comparative non-invasive strategies for managing dental white spot lesions: Contribution to the study of enamel remineralization DOI:10.2478/amma-2025-0015 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kabaktchieva 2014 The Role of Light-Induced Fluorescence in the Treatment of Smooth Surface Carious Lesions with Icon Infiltration and the Results After 1… DOI:10.1515/amb-2014-0019 | 2014 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Knaup 2023 Correlation of quantitative light-induced fluorescence and qualitative visual rating in infiltrated post-orthodontic white spot lesions. PMID:36179095 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Knosel 2013 Durability of esthetic improvement following Icon resin infiltration of multibracket-induced white spot lesions compared with no therapy… PMID:23810050 | 2013 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Krasniqi 2024 Comparative Evaluation of Resin Infiltration and Bifluoride Varnish in White Spots in Children between the Ages of 8 and 15 Years DOI:10.21103/article14(2)_oa16 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Krikheli 2020 Comparison of resin infiltration and microabrasion in the treatment of enamel caries DOI:10.37988/1811-153x_2020_3_10 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ozgur 2023 Effectiveness and Color Stability of Resin Infiltration on Demineralized and Hypomineralized (MIH) Enamel in Children: Six-month Results… PMID:36917623 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Puleio 2023 Long-Term Chromatic Durability of White Spot Lesions through Employment of Infiltration Resin Treatment. PMID:37109707 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rashid 2018 The effect of resin infiltration on the color of white spot lesions after ort hodontic treatment over one year period (in vivo study) DOI:10.21608/edj.2018.78282 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Tinghong 2019 DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1739 | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Wakwak 2025 Comparative evaluation of different resinous infiltrants for masking efficacy of non-cavitated enamel lesions: a one-year randomized… DOI:10.5114/jos.2025.148460 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Wierichs 2023a Evaluation of the masking efficacy of caries infiltration in post-orthodontic initial caries lesions: 1-year follow-up. PMID:36627531 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Wierichs 2023c Aesthetic caries infiltration - Long-term masking efficacy after 6 years. PMID:36878424 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Zaazou 2024 Effectiveness of low-viscosity resin infiltration (Icon) on color change of enamel white spot lesions: 1-year follow-up clinical study DOI:10.1186/s42269-024-01219-w | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match). Only the non-Cochrane dental reviews have study lists, so overlap with Cochrane reviews is not counted yet.
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Individuals of any age, sex or ethnicity with at least one white spot lesion buccally on anterior teeth or canines | Patients with white spot lesions (n=544 patients, 1495 teeth; ages 7-40 years) in 29 studies |
| Intervention | Resin infiltration | Resin infiltration (Icon) in all studies |
| Comparison | Comparisons across different time points within resin-infiltrated enamel, or resin infiltration compared with sound adjacent enamel | Time points after infiltration (post-treatment, 1, 3, 6, 12 months) analyzed in the resin infiltration groups; sound adjacent enamel as internal reference |
| Outcomes | Follow-up (at least 3 months) color changes (primary), fluorescence, lesion size, caries progression, patient-reported outcome measures | Delta E (WSL/SAE and WSL), L, a, b components, laser fluorescence, ICDAS II, patient satisfaction VAS, WSL area, WSL area ratio |
| Study designs | Randomized clinical trials, non-randomized (single-group or comparative) cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies | 17 randomized clinical trials and 12 prospective non-randomized studies |
| Timing | Follow-up of at least 3 months after resin infiltration | Follow-up 3 months to 72 months; 14 studies up to 12 months |
AMSTAR 2 items
Two independent extractors rated each item. Their ratings are shown side by side because they have not been reconciled yet. The overall rating follows Shea et al. 2017: one critical flaw gives Low, more than one gives Critically Low.
| Item | Extractor A | Extractor B | Agree |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Research question includes PICO components | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 2Protocol established before the reviewcritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 3Choice of study designs explained | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 4Comprehensive literature searchcritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 5Study selection in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 6Data extraction in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 7List of excluded studies with reasonscritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 8Included studies described in detail | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 9Risk of bias assessed satisfactorilycritical | RCT: Partial Yes · NRSI: Partial Yes | NRSI: Partial Yes · RCT: No | no |
| 10Funding of included studies reported | No | No | yes |
| 11Appropriate meta-analysis methodscritical | RCT: Partial Yes · NRSI: Partial Yes | NRSI: Yes · RCT: Yes | no |
| 12Impact of risk of bias on the pooled results | No | No | yes |
| 13Risk of bias accounted for in interpretationcritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 14Heterogeneity explained | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 15Publication bias investigatedcritical | No | No | yes |
| 16Conflicts of interest reported | Yes | Yes | yes |
| Overall | Low | Critically Low | no |