Non-Cochrane · NMA · PM41714848
Accuracy of Static, Dynamic, and Robotic Guided Surgery in Immediate Implant Placement: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Nava Paolo, Sabri Hamoun, Hazrati Parham, et al. · Clinical oral implants research · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.1111/clr.70100
Findings
172 findings
| Population | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.552 [-0.597, -0.507] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -4.35 [-6.63, -2.07] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.546 [-0.623, -0.468] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Mixed-effects NMA model coefficient vs freehand (Table 5) | MD -0.543 Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -0.77 [-1.14, -0.4] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.823 [-1.533, -0.113] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Mixed-effects NMA model coefficient vs freehand (Table 5) | MD -1.854 Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -0.533 [-0.958, -0.109] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -3.46 [-5.37, -1.55] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -1.83 [-2.58, -1.09] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.859 [-1.27, -0.448] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Mixed-effects NMA model coefficient vs freehand (Table 5) | MD -1.729 Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Mixed-effects NMA model coefficient vs freehand (Table 5) | MD -0.274 Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.551 [-1.569, 0.466] Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Mixed-effects NMA model coefficient vs freehand (Table 5) | MD -1.229 Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -3.52 [-6.84, -0.2] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -0.69 [-1.43, 0.06] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -1.063 [-2.255, 0.128] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.282 [-0.554, -0.011] Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.249 [-0.423, -0.075] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.569 [-1.025, -0.113] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -6.11 [-10.76, -1.45] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -2.13 [-3.62, -0.64] Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -0.853 [-0.988, -0.719] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.728 [-0.77, -0.685] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -2.62 [-3.33, -1.91] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 3 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -0.7 [-0.74, -0.66] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Mixed-effects NMA model coefficient vs freehand (Table 5) | MD -1.316 Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 3 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -3.23 [-5.23, -1.24] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Mixed-effects NMA model coefficient vs freehand (Table 5) | MD -2.66 Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 3 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Mixed-effects NMA model coefficient vs freehand (Table 5) | MD -0.713 Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 3 studies |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Fully guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Freehand placement (FH) | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Primary mixed-effects NMA: model coefficient vs FH reference (Table 5) | MD -0.81 Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -1.37 [-1.845, -0.895] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 3 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.711 [-0.769, -0.652] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias 3 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -1.427 [-1.827, -1.027] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -3.43 [-5.66, -1.2] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -1.25 [-2.102, -0.397] Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Mixed-effects NMA model coefficient vs freehand (Table 5) | MD -1.428 Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.694 [-0.947, -0.44] Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Implant placement accuracy (angular, platform and apex deviation) Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · RCT-only network | No RCT of robotic CAIS was available, so rCAIS was not included in the RCT-only network meta-analysis No studies found 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.652 [-0.826, -0.479] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -5 [-8.06, -1.94] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Mixed-effects NMA model coefficient vs freehand (Table 5) | MD -0.684 Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -3.67 [-4.89, -2.45] Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -1.144 [-1.676, -0.613] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | freehand (FH) placement | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Mixed-effects NMA model coefficient vs freehand (Table 5) | MD -3.357 Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.547 [-1.157, -0.063] Low Downgraded: publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.176 [-0.214, -0.138] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.568 [-0.959, -0.178] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.165 [-0.234, -0.096] Low Downgraded: publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD 0.03 [-2.08, 2.14] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -0.32 [-0.723, 0.082] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD 0.07 [-0.3, 0.44] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.79 [-1.27, -0.31] Low Downgraded: publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD 1.12 [-1.19, 3.42] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD 0.21 [-0.974, 1.394] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD 0.1 [-2.74, 2.93] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -0.01 [-0.75, 0.73] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.428 [-0.7, -0.156] Low Downgraded: publication bias 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.819 [-1.801, -0.163] Low Downgraded: publication bias 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) Unresolved: the two extractors disagree on this row. | MD -1.144 [-1.676, -0.613] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD 2.88 [-1.79, 7.54] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.479 [-0.662, -0.296] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.49 [-1.87, 0.89] Low Downgraded: publication bias 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.148 [-0.398, 0.102] Low Downgraded: publication bias 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.1 [-0.28, 0.08] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -1.84 [-2.94, -0.73] Low Downgraded: publication bias 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.29 [-0.89, 0.324] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.427 [-1.242, 0.389] Low Downgraded: publication bias 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -1.54 [-4.82, 1.74] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | Implant placement accuracy (angular, platform and apex deviation) Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · RCT-only network | No RCT of robotic CAIS was available, so rCAIS was not included in the RCT-only network meta-analysis No studies found 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -1.54 [-2.94, -0.15] Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.404 [-0.564, -0.243] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.411 [-0.672, -0.151] Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.576 [-1.106, -0.046] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.698 [-1.612, 0.216] Low Downgraded: publication bias 1 study |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Implant placement accuracy (angular, platform and apex deviation) Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · RCT-only network | No RCT of robotic CAIS was available, so rCAIS was not included in the RCT-only network meta-analysis No studies found 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -1.48 [-4.53, 1.57] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | Implant placement accuracy (angular, platform and apex deviation) Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · RCT-only network | No RCT of robotic CAIS was available, so rCAIS was not included in the RCT-only network meta-analysis No studies found 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.017 [-0.272, 0.238] Low Downgraded: publication bias 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.12 [-0.94, 0.699] Low Downgraded: publication bias 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD 1.57 [-2.04, 5.18] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.075 [-0.246, 0.096] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.286 [-0.912, 0.341] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD 1.05 [0.06, 2.15] Low Downgraded: publication bias 0 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD 0.53 [-0.583, 1.643] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.303 [-0.479, -0.127] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD -0.08 [-0.73, 0.57] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD 0.3 [-1.09, 1.68] Low Downgraded: publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD -0.29 [-0.739, 0.158] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.272 [-1.266, 0.722] Low Downgraded: publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Primary mixed-effects NMA, pairwise contrast with FDR-adjusted p (Table S2) | MD -0.263 [-0.531, -0.005] Low Downgraded: publication bias 2 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S16, S19, S22) | MD 1.76 [-2.3, 5.82] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediate placement; CBCT after surgery · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Post hoc sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low- and moderate-risk non-randomized studies (contrast-based frequentist, Tables S7, S10, S13) | MD 0.07 [-2.57, 2.71] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Low vs moderate risk of bias (study level) | Moderate risk of bias | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -0.45 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | freehand (FH) placement | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 1.87 [1.511, 2.247] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | freehand (FH) placement | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 1.34 GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Low vs moderate risk of bias (study level) | Moderate risk of bias | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -0.076 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Low vs moderate risk of bias (study level) | Moderate risk of bias | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD 0.192 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | freehand (FH) placement | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 4.15 [3.54, 4.76] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | freehand (FH) placement | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 5.08 GRADE not reported 5 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | freehand (FH) placement | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 1.82 GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | freehand (FH) placement | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 1.26 [1.135, 1.4] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 0.65 [0.155, 1.145] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | High vs moderate risk of bias (study level) | Moderate risk of bias | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -0.265 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 2.54 GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 0.95 [0.763, 1.139] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 1.22 GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | High vs moderate risk of bias (study level) | Moderate risk of bias | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -1.38 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | half-guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 2.02 [1.18, 2.86] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | High vs moderate risk of bias (study level) | Moderate risk of bias | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -0.812 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Maxilla percentage (per 1% increase) | No increase in maxilla percentage | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD 0.0089 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 1.06 [0.65, 1.488] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 0.72 [0.591, 0.857] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 2.32 [1.84, 2.79] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 2.72 GRADE not reported 8 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 1.34 GRADE not reported 7 studies |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Maxilla percentage (per 1% increase) | No increase in maxilla percentage | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -0.001 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Maxilla percentage (per 1% increase) | No increase in maxilla percentage | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD 0.007 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | fully-guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 0.93 GRADE not reported 7 studies |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Anterior implant percentage (per 1% increase) | No increase in anterior percentage | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD 0.02 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 0.56 [0.313, 0.812] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Anterior implant percentage (per 1% increase) | No increase in anterior percentage | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -0.002 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 0.897 GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 1.53 [1.08, 1.98] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 0.785 GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 0.55 [0.423, 0.687] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | dynamic CAIS (dCAIS) | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 1.94 GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Anterior implant percentage (per 1% increase) | No increase in anterior percentage | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD 0.0108 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Open-ended sites (yes) | Sites not open-ended | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD 1.59 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Open-ended sites (yes) | Sites not open-ended | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD 0.867 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 0.674 GRADE not reported 5 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 1.39 GRADE not reported 5 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | None (unadjusted pooled mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Unweighted pooled mean (Table S3) | Mean deviation 0.694 GRADE not reported 5 studies |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant apex Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 0.45 [0.053, 0.849] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Linear deviation at the implant platform Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 0.57 [0.387, 0.762] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | robotic CAIS (rCAIS) | None (model-adjusted marginal mean for each protocol) | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Clinical studies of immediate implant placement; accuracy assessed by CBCT superimposition · Adjusted estimated marginal mean (Table 6) | Mean deviation 0.48 [-0.2, 1.17] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Open-ended sites (yes) | Sites not open-ended | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD 1.414 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Case series design | RCT design | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -1.0287 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Case series design | RCT design | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -0.221 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Case series design | RCT design | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -0.198 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Retrospective design | RCT design | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -0.381 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Retrospective design | RCT design | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -1.1707 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Retrospective design | RCT design | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Study-level covariate in primary mixed-effects NMA (Table 5) | MD -0.045 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Robotic computer-assisted implant surgery (rCAIS) | None | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.749 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Robotic computer-assisted implant surgery (rCAIS) | None | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.863 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Robotic computer-assisted implant surgery (rCAIS) | None | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.767 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery (dCAIS) | None | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.428 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery (dCAIS) | None | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.95 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery (dCAIS) | None | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.555 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery (dCAIS) | None | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.952 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery (dCAIS) | None | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.77 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery (dCAIS) | None | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.62 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Fully guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.676 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Fully guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.75 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Fully guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.539 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Fully guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.519 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Fully guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.41 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Fully guided static CAIS (FG-sCAIS) | None | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.533 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Half guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.62 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Half guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.278 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Half guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.81 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Half guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.25 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Half guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Unweighted pooled mean, no model adjustment (Table S3) | Unweighted pooled mean deviation 0.927 GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Half guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.542 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Half guided static CAIS (HG-sCAIS) | None | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.895 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Freehand placement (FH) | None | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.001 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Freehand placement (FH) | None | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.002 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Freehand placement (FH) | None | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.002 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Freehand placement (FH) | None | Platform (entry point) linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.01 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Freehand placement (FH) | None | Apex linear deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCT-only (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.02 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults undergoing immediate implant placement (within 24 h of extraction) | Freehand placement (FH) | None | Angular deviation between planned and actual implant position Immediately after planning/surgery; accuracy by superimposition of post-operative CBCT (or intraoral scan) on the plan · Clinical studies of immediate implant placement · Sensitivity NMA: RCTs plus low/moderate risk-of-bias non-randomized studies (random-effects, netmeta): P-score | P-score 0.001 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
Included primary studies 19
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li, Dai 2024 Accuracy of immediate anterior implantation using static and robotic computer-assisted implant surgery: A retrospective study. PMID:38955260 | 2024 | 3 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Feng 2022 Comparison of the accuracy of immediate implant placement using static and dynamic computer-assisted implant system in the esthetic zone… PMID:36512162 | 2022 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Li, Zhao 2024 Accuracy of robotic computer-assisted implant surgery for immediate implant placement: A retrospective case series study. PMID:39302731 | 2024 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Liu 2025 Accuracy and operation procedure of robotic computer-aided implant surgery. PMID:39748004 | 2025 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Yang and Geng 2024 Clinical study of immediate implant placement in posterior maxillary region assisted by dynamic real-time navigation: A randomized… PMID:39043292 | 2024 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Yang, Xu 2024 Accuracy of robotic-assisted surgery for immediate implant placement in posterior teeth: a retrospective case series. PMID:39438946 | 2024 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Zhao 2024 Accuracy analysis of robotic-assisted immediate implant placement: A retrospective case series. PMID:38734299 | 2024 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Albiero 2019 Accuracy of Computer-Guided Flapless Implant Surgery in Fully Edentulous Arches and in Edentulous Arches With Fresh Extraction Sockets. PMID:31124822 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Alzoubi 2016 Accuracy Assessment of Immediate and Delayed Implant Placements Using CAD/CAM Surgical Guides. PMID:27266995 | 2016 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Battista 2022 Dynamic Navigation System for Immediate Implant Placement in the Maxillary Aesthetic Region DOI:10.3390/app12115510 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Battista 2022 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chandran 2023 Accuracy of freehand versus guided immediate implant placement: A randomized controlled trial. PMID:37454788 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chen 2020 Accuracy of Full-Guided and Half-Guided Surgical Templates in Anterior Immediate and Delayed Implantation: A Retrospective Study. PMID:33374727 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Geng 2023 Clinical study of dynamic real-time navigation assisted immediate implant without flapping in the esthetic zone. PMID:36064144 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Geng 2024 Immediate implant placement in the posterior mandibular region was assisted by dynamic real-time navigation: a retrospective study. PMID:38336661 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Han 2021 Whole-Process Digitalization-Assisted Immediate Implant Placement and Immediate Restoration in the Aesthetic Zone: A Prospective Study. PMID:34428195 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kraft 2020 Impact of fully or partially guided surgery on the position of single implants immediately placed in maxillary incisor sockets: A… PMID:32875722 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mittal 2024 Comparison of accuracy between single posterior immediate and delayed implants placed using computer guided implant surgery and a digital… PMID:38218708 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Wei 2022 Does machine-vision-assisted dynamic navigation improve the accuracy of digitally planned prosthetically guided immediate implant… PMID:35652362 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match). Only the non-Cochrane dental reviews have study lists, so overlap with Cochrane reviews is not counted yet.
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Adults with at least one non-restorable or failing tooth requiring extraction and immediate implant placement within 24 h | Adults with immediate implant placement (541 patients, 780 implants; n=18 studies) |
| Intervention | Static (sCAIS), dynamic (dCAIS) or robotic (rCAIS) computer-assisted implant surgery; static split into fully guided (FG) and half guided (HG) | dCAIS (108 patients, 151 implants); rCAIS (76 patients, 93 implants); FG-sCAIS (130 patients, 218 implants); HG-sCAIS (91 patients, 130 implants) |
| Comparison | Conventional freehand (FH) implant placement | Freehand (136 patients, 188 implants) |
| Outcomes | Accuracy: angular deviation, linear deviation at the implant platform and apex (planned vs actual position) | Angular, platform and apex deviation (n=18) |
| Study designs | RCTs, non-randomized controlled trials, prospective or retrospective cohort studies, prospective or retrospective case series | 6 RCTs, 2 prospective case series, 7 retrospective case series, 3 retrospective cohort studies (n=18) |
| Timing | Not specified | Not specified |
AMSTAR 2 items
Two independent extractors rated each item. Their ratings are shown side by side because they have not been reconciled yet. The overall rating follows Shea et al. 2017: one critical flaw gives Low, more than one gives Critically Low.
| Item | Extractor A | Extractor B | Agree |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Research question includes PICO components | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 2Protocol established before the reviewcritical | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 3Choice of study designs explained | No | No | yes |
| 4Comprehensive literature searchcritical | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 5Study selection in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 6Data extraction in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 7List of excluded studies with reasonscritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 8Included studies described in detail | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 9Risk of bias assessed satisfactorilycritical | RCT: Yes · NRSI: Partial Yes | NRSI: Partial Yes · RCT: Yes | no |
| 10Funding of included studies reported | No | No | yes |
| 11Appropriate meta-analysis methodscritical | RCT: Yes · NRSI: Yes | NRSI: Yes · RCT: Yes | no |
| 12Impact of risk of bias on the pooled results | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 13Risk of bias accounted for in interpretationcritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 14Heterogeneity explained | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 15Publication bias investigatedcritical | No | No | yes |
| 16Conflicts of interest reported | Yes | Yes | yes |
| Overall | Low | Low | yes |