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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

6 questions · 6 findings · 3 reviews

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 1 · 16.7%Very low 1 · 16.7%Low 2 · 33.3%Moderate 1 · 16.7%High 1 · 16.7%

Twice daily or more vs once daily topical corticosteroid

Clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or marked improvement); short term (earliest time point within 1‐4 weeks) · children and adults, most with moderate to severe eczema

Twice daily or more showed no clear difference in clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or… compared with once daily topical corticosteroid (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Twice daily or more vs once daily topical corticosteroid

Patient‐reported symptoms of eczema · children and adults, most with moderate to severe eczema

Twice daily or more showed no clear difference in patient‐reported symptoms of eczema: PGA (number with cleared or… compared with once daily topical corticosteroid (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Less frequent tooth brushing (< twice daily) vs More frequent tooth brushing (>= twice daily)

Dental caries · Healthy children and adolescents in the United Arab Emirates

More frequent tooth brushing was generally protective against caries, though findings were somewhat inconsistent across studies (narrative synthesis; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Indacaterol vs placebo

Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Indacaterol leads to lower number of participants experiencing 1 or more exacerbations compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review