Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

376 questions · 459 findings · 26 reviews · All outcomes

No studies found 37 · 8.1%GRADE not reported 276 · 60.1%Very low 82 · 17.9%Low 47 · 10.2%Moderate 17 · 3.7%High 0 · 0%

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Proportion of participants diagnosed with hypertension at trial completion · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without… probably leads to lower change in diastolic blood pressure (DBP, mmHg) compared with supra-gingival scaling (moderate certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation) · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without… led to higher endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation) compared with supra-gingival scaling; GRADE not reported.

3 findings from 1 review

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Adverse events (participants with adverse events or withdrawals due to adverse events) · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension
1 finding from 1 review

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Heart rate · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Heart rate was reported only by Higashi 2009 (periodontal treatment vs no treatment); no study in the intensive-treatment vs supra-gingival-scaling comparison reported heart rate.
    Studies not reported
    No studies found

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Plasma level of IL-6 (pg/mL) · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without… showed no clear difference in plasma level of IL-6 (pg/mL) compared with supra-gingival scaling; GRADE not reported.

3 findings from 1 review

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without… probably leads to lower change in systolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg) compared with supra-gingival scaling (moderate certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Plasma level of hs-CRP (mg/L) · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without… showed no clear difference in plasma level of hs-CRP (mg/L) compared with supra-gingival scaling; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Probing pocket depth · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without… led to lower pocket probing depth (PPD) compared with supra-gingival scaling; GRADE not reported.

3 findings from 1 review

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Endothelial function (endothelial microparticles) · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without… led to lower endothelial function (endothelial microparticles) compared with supra-gingival scaling; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without… led to lower clinical attachment level (CAL) compared with supra-gingival scaling; GRADE not reported.

3 findings from 1 review

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling

Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without… led to lower bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with supra-gingival scaling; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs No treatment (no periodontal treatment)

Proportion of participants diagnosed with hypertension at trial completion · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) vs Conventional or other radiotherapy

Outcome not reported · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

CBT vs alternative treatment

Reduction in pain intensity · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) showed no clear difference in pain intensity at treatment completion compared with alternative (active) treatment (e.g. oral splint, medication,… (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Relaxation vs Occlusal (oral) appliance

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Relaxation showed no clear difference in pain intensity compared with occlusal (oral) appliance; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Treatment completion · Adolescents (12-19 years)
    Not pooled. Wahlund 2015: MD 3.70 (95% CI -1.21 to 8.61), n=57 (relaxation 28, appliance 29); Wahlund 2003: MD not reported, n=83 (relaxation 41, appliance 42). Both studies were in adolescents; the occlusal appliance…
    2 studies · 140 participants
    GRADE not reported

Hope-based intervention vs Pain education

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Hope-based intervention showed no clear difference in pain intensity compared with pain education; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Mindfulness plus medication vs Medication alone

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
1 finding from 1 review

CBT vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

Reduction in pain intensity · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) may leads to lower pain intensity at follow-up (12 months) compared with usual care, waiting list or no treatment (control) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review