Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with phenytoin (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with lorazepam (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenytoin changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with lorazepam (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mortality during hospital stay · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality during hospital stay (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Length of NICU stay (days) · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
PIPP score during drug infusion Range of scale 0‐21 for infants < 28 weeks' PMA and 0‐18 for infants > 36 weeks' PMA. Lower score = less pain (Stevens 1996) · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
The intervention showed no clear difference in PIPP score during drug infusion Range of scale 0‐21 for infants < 28… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Poor neurological outcome by 28 days' postnatal age · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
The intervention showed no clear difference in poor neurological outcome by 28 days' postnatal age (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
PIPP score during drug infusion Range of scale 0‐21 for infants < 28 weeks' PMA and 0‐18 for infants > 36 weeks' PMA. Lower score = less pain (Stevens 1996) · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
The intervention showed no clear difference in PIPP score during drug infusion Range of scale 0‐21 for infants < 28… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Poor neurological outcome by 28 days' postnatal age · neonates requiring intubation and ventilation
The intervention probably leads to higher poor neurological outcome by 28 days' postnatal age (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality during hospital stay · neonates with mechanical ventilation
Clonidine showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality during initial hospitalization compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
aOne study and few events · neonates with mechanical ventilation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found