Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

184 questions · 196 findings · 42 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 32 · 16.3%GRADE not reported 2 · 1%Very low 43 · 21.9%Low 62 · 31.6%Moderate 39 · 19.9%High 18 · 9.2%

Summary of findings table ‐ Quality and volume of gastric residual vs quality of gastric residual alone

Number of infants with feed interruption episodes (lasting ≥ 12 hours) · feed interruption while monitoring gastric residual

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Quality and volume of gastric residual changes number of infants with feed interruption episodes (lasting ≥ 12 hours) compared with quality of gastric residual alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Quality and volume of gastric residual vs quality of gastric residual alone

Risk of invasive Infection · feed interruption while monitoring gastric residual

Summary of findings table ‐ Quality and volume of gastric residual showed no clear difference in risk of invasive Infection compared with quality of gastric residual alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Quality and volume of gastric residual vs quality of gastric residual alone

Mortality before hospital discharge · feed interruption while monitoring gastric residual

Summary of findings table ‐ Quality and volume of gastric residual showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality before hospital discharge compared with quality of gastric residual alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Quality and volume of gastric residual vs quality of gastric residual alone

Risk of necrotising enterocolitis stage ≥ 2 · feed interruption while monitoring gastric residual

Summary of findings table ‐ Quality and volume of gastric residual showed no clear difference in risk of necrotising enterocolitis stage ≥ 2 compared with quality of gastric residual alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Hydrocephalus shunt · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in hydrocephalus shunt compared with conservative treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Death · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in death compared with conservative treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Major disability in survivors · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in major disability in survivors compared with conservative treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Multiple disability in survivors · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in multiple disability in survivors compared with conservative treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Death or disability · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in death or disability compared with conservative treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Death or shunt · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in death or shunt compared with conservative treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Infection of CSF presurgery · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in infection of CSF presurgery compared with conservative treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Re‐feeding vs discarding gastric residuals

Extrauterine growth restriction at discharge · preterm infants

Summary of findings table ‐ Re‐feeding showed no clear difference in risk of extrauterine growth restriction at discharge compared with discarding gastric residuals (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supine midline head position vs any other supine head position

Intraventricular haemorrhage · very preterm infants with or at risk of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether supine midline head position changes intraventricular haemorrhage, any grade compared with any other supine head position (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supine midline head position vs any other supine head position

Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · very preterm infants with or at risk of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether supine midline head position changes intraventricular haemorrhage, grade 3 to 4 compared with any other supine head position (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review