Diagnosis of gestational diabetes · preventing gestational diabetes
Probiotics showed no clear difference in diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality or morbidity composite · preventing gestational diabetes
Probiotics showed no clear difference in mortality or morbidity composite compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypoglycaemia · preventing gestational diabetes
Probiotics showed no clear difference in hypoglycaemia as defined by trialists compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adiposity · preventing gestational diabetes
1 finding from 1 review
Diabetes · preventing gestational diabetes
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Neurodisability · preventing gestational diabetes
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: pre‐eclampsia · preventing gestational diabetes
Probiotics leads to higher hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pre‐eclampsia) compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Caesarean section · preventing gestational diabetes
Probiotics showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal trauma · preventing gestational diabetes
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Gestational weight gain · preventing gestational diabetes
1 finding from 1 review
Postnatal depression · preventing gestational diabetes
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Development of subsequent diabetes · preventing gestational diabetes
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Large‐for‐gestational age · preventing gestational diabetes
Probiotics showed no clear difference in large‐for‐gestational age compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perinatal mortality · preventing gestational diabetes
Probiotics showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality (stillbirth and neonatal mortality) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
Probiotics may leads to lower incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrence of mastitis within 12 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Breast abscess within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Nipple damage within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
It is very uncertain whether probiotics changes nipple damage within 6 months postpartum compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of any breastfeeding · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Breast pain · postpartum breastfeeding women
Probiotics showed no clear difference in breast pain compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review