Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

51 questions · 90 findings · 3 reviews · Oral and maxillofacial surgery

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 89 · 98.9%Very low 0 · 0%Low 1 · 1.1%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Dental crowding present vs Dental spacing present

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

One study found space closure more likely with crowding than spacing (OR 5.9; single study; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Spontaneous space closure after extraction of permanent first molars in children and adolescents: a systematic review… 2024 All outcomes
Until eruption of the permanent second molar (median follow-up 4.0 years) · University clinics and hospitals in 8 countries (children/adolescents <18 years) · Overall
OR 5.9 [1.3, 27.7]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Lumbar spine and pelvis fracture · European GWAS participants

The SVMR Weighted Median interval included the null.

3 findings from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR Weighted Median
OR 1.058 [0.966, 1.158]
490700 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR MR-Egger
OR 1.036 [0.956, 1.122]
490700 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR Maximum Likelihood
OR 1.055 [0.983, 1.132]
490700 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Osteoporosis · European GWAS participants

The SVMR MR-Egger interval included the null.

4 findings from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR MR-Egger
OR 1.001 [0.918, 1.093]
483725 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR Maximum Likelihood
OR 0.998 [0.934, 1.067]
483725 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR Weighted Median
OR 1.002 [0.925, 1.086]
483725 participants
GRADE not reported

Show 1 more finding

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR IVW
OR 0.998 [0.933, 1.067]
483725 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Osteoporosis with pathological fracture · European GWAS participants

The SVMR Weighted Median interval included the null.

3 findings from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR Weighted Median
OR 0.985 [0.846, 1.146]
376746 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR Maximum Likelihood
OR 1.003 [0.874, 1.151]
376746 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR MR-Egger
OR 0.953 [0.813, 1.117]
376746 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Forearm fracture · European GWAS participants

The SVMR Weighted Median interval included the null.

3 findings from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR Weighted Median
OR 0.992 [0.945, 1.042]
490889 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR MR-Egger
OR 0.994 [0.948, 1.042]
490889 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR Maximum Likelihood
OR 0.990 [0.950, 1.032]
490889 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability, adjusted for DMFS

Lumbar spine and pelvis fracture · European GWAS participants

The MVMR MR-Egger interval included the null.

1 finding from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · MVMR MR-Egger
OR 1.062 [0.991, 1.137]
490700 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Osteoporosis with pathological fracture · European-ancestry adults

Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on osteoporosis with pathological fracture (single-variable MR, OR 1.003).

2 findings from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · SVMR (IVW), total causal effect
OR 1.003 [0.875, 1.150]
376746 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · MVMR (IVW), adjusted for DMFS
OR 1.003 [0.546, 1.842]
376746 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability, adjusted for DMFS

Lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) · European GWAS participants

The MVMR IVW interval included zero.

1 finding from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · MVMR IVW
BETA 0.047 [-0.002, 0.096]
28498 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Lumbar spine and pelvis fracture · European-ancestry adults

Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on fracture of lumbar spine and pelvis (multivariable MR, OR 1.060).

2 findings from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · MVMR (IVW), adjusted for DMFS
OR 1.060 [0.989, 1.135]
490700 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · SVMR (IVW), total causal effect
OR 1.055 [0.984, 1.130]
490700 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability, adjusted for DMFS

Forearm fracture · European GWAS participants

The MVMR MR-Egger interval included the null.

1 finding from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · MVMR MR-Egger
OR 0.992 [0.950, 1.036]
490889 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Femoral neck bone mineral density (FN-BMD) · European-ancestry adults

Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on femoral neck BMD.

1 finding from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · SVMR and MVMR (IVW)
No causal effect of oral diseases on FN-BMD was found (SVMR and MVMR); no numeric estimate reported in text (see Fig. 3).
32735 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Femur fracture · European-ancestry adults

Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on fracture of femur (multivariable MR, OR 1.034).

2 findings from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · MVMR (IVW), adjusted for DMFS
OR 1.034 [0.963, 1.109]
489106 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · SVMR (IVW), total causal effect
OR 1.044 [0.982, 1.110]
489106 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Osteoporosis · European-ancestry adults

Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on osteoporosis (multivariable MR, OR 1.000).

2 findings from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · MVMR (IVW), adjusted for DMFS
OR 1.000 [0.937, 1.067]
483725 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · SVMR (IVW), total causal effect
OR 0.998 [0.933, 1.067]
483725 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability, adjusted for DMFS

Femur fracture · European GWAS participants

The MVMR MR-Egger interval included the null.

1 finding from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · MVMR MR-Egger
OR 1.024 [0.960, 1.093]
489106 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability, adjusted for DMFS

Postmenopausal osteoporosis with pathological fracture · European GWAS participants

The MVMR MR-Egger interval included the null.

1 finding from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · MVMR MR-Egger
OR 1.012 [0.858, 1.193]
281786 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability, adjusted for DMFS

Osteoporosis with pathological fracture · European GWAS participants

The MVMR MR-Egger interval included the null.

1 finding from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · MVMR MR-Egger
OR 1.002 [0.867, 1.158]
376746 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Bone mineral density in forearm · European-ancestry adults

Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on forearm BMD.

1 finding from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · SVMR and MVMR (IVW)
No causal effect of oral diseases on FA-BMD was found (SVMR and MVMR); no numeric estimate reported in text (see Fig. 3).
8143 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) · European GWAS participants

The SVMR IVW interval excluded zero.

1 finding from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR IVW
BETA 0.055 [0.008, 0.102]
28498 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Forearm fracture · European-ancestry adults

Genetically predicted periodontitis had no causal effect on fracture of forearm (multivariable MR, OR 0.995).

2 findings from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · MVMR (IVW), adjusted for DMFS
OR 0.995 [0.953, 1.039]
490889 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Lifelong genetic liability · European-ancestry population (two-sample MR: GLIDE exposures; FinnGen osteoporosis/fractures; GeFOS BMD) · SVMR (IVW), total causal effect
OR 0.990 [0.951, 1.031]
490889 participants
GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Lower genetically predicted periodontitis liability

Femur fracture · European GWAS participants

The SVMR Weighted Median interval included the null.

3 findings from 1 review

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR Weighted Median
OR 1.055 [0.979, 1.136]
489106 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR Maximum Likelihood
OR 1.044 [0.983, 1.109]
489106 participants
GRADE not reported
From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. 2025 All outcomes
Summary-level GWAS · SVMR MR-Egger
OR 1.063 [0.991, 1.140]
489106 participants
GRADE not reported