Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

54 questions · 54 findings · 8 reviews · Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 21 · 38.9%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 22 · 40.7%Low 8 · 14.8%Moderate 3 · 5.6%High 0 · 0%

Physical activity vs usual care

General health‐related quality of life · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 123 participants
Very low

Physical activity vs usual care

All‐cause mortality · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 397 participants
Very low

Physical activity vs usual care

Type 2 diabetes mellitus · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 397 participants
Very low

Physical activity vs usual care

Serious adverse events · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 397 participants
Very low

Physical activity vs usual care

Cardiovascular mortality · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 274 participants
Very low

Physical activity vs usual care

Non‐fatal myocardial infarction/stroke · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 123 participants
Very low

Physical activity vs usual care

Socioeconomic effects · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care

All‐cause mortality · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

It is very uncertain whether diet plus physical activity changes all‐cause mortality compared with standard treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.12 [0.5, 2.5]
10 studies · 4099 participants
Very low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care

Development of type 2 diabetes · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

Diet plus physical activity probably leads to lower incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus Diagnostic criteria: 3 trials… compared with standard treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.57 [0.5, 0.64]
11 studies · 4511 participants
Moderate

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care

SAEs · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 250 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care

Cardiovascular mortality · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

It is very uncertain whether diet plus physical activity changes cardiovascular mortality compared with standard treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.94 [0.24, 3.65]
7 studies · 3263 participants
Very low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care

Non‐fatal myocardial infarction/stroke · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 102 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care

Health-related quality of life (after at least 5 years follow-up) · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 2144 participants
Very low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care

Costs (direct costs of interventions) · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

1 finding from 1 review

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 2775 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Physical activity, self‐reported exercise [minutes per week] · adults with overweight and obesity

1 finding from 1 review

Transtheoretical model stages of change for dietary and physical exercise modification in weight loss management for… 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 665 participants
Very low

Smartphone app vs no intervention or minimal intervention

Moderate to vigorous physical activity (minutes/d) [ · adults

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile health (m‐health) smartphone interventions for adolescents and adults with overweight or obesity 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 60 participants
Very low

Smartphone app vs no intervention or minimal intervention

Self‐efficacy (for physical activity) (SEPA, score · adults

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile health (m‐health) smartphone interventions for adolescents and adults with overweight or obesity 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 60 participants
Very low

Smartphone app vs no intervention or minimal intervention

Leisure time physical activity (LTPA)(kcal/week) · adults

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile health (m‐health) smartphone interventions for adolescents and adults with overweight or obesity 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 245 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Self care behaviours: physical activity (measured by total energy expenditure in kcal) · adults with type 2 diabetes and severe mental illness

1 finding from 1 review

Self management interventions for type 2 diabetes in adult people with severe mental illness 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 52 participants
Very low

Interactive computer intervention vs in‐person interventions

Physical‐activity related outcomes · adults with overweight or obesity

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interactive computer‐based interventions for weight loss or weight maintenance in overweight or obese people 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found