Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

215 questions · 236 findings · 28 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 45 · 19.1%GRADE not reported 15 · 6.4%Very low 78 · 33.1%Low 50 · 21.2%Moderate 34 · 14.4%High 14 · 5.9%

Closest answers

The findings closest to your search, judged one by one by TypeSafe's Jev model.

Direct match · question page
- Other treatments vs other treatments/advice/routine care · Breast engorgement
  Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 328 participants
  Very low
Direct match · question page
- Other treatments vs other treatments/advice/routine care · Breast swelling
  Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found
Direct match · question page
- Other treatments vs other treatments/advice/routine care · Breast pain
  Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 54 participants
  Low
Direct match · question page
- Other treatments vs other treatments/advice/routine care · Breast induration/hardness
  Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found
Direct match · question page
- Other treatments vs other treatments/advice/routine care · Maternal opinion of treatment
  Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Oestrogen + other treatments vs placebo

Incontinence not improved (generic inverse variance) (women's observation) ‐ oestrogen + other treatments versus placebo · patients with urinary incontinence in post‐menopausal women

Oestrogen + other treatments probably leads to higher incontinence not improved (generic inverse variance) (women's… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oestrogen therapy for urinary incontinence in post‐menopausal women 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.11 [1.04, 1.18]
3 studies · 10635 participants
Moderate

Other treatments vs other treatments/routine care

Breast pain · women with breast engorgement during lactation

1 finding from 1 review

Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 54 participants
Low

Other treatments vs other treatments/routine care

Breast induration/hardness · women with breast engorgement during lactation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Other treatments vs other treatments/routine care

Breast swelling · women with breast engorgement during lactation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Other treatments vs other treatments/routine care

Breast engorgement · women with breast engorgement during lactation

1 finding from 1 review

Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 328 participants
Very low

Other treatments vs other treatments/routine care

Maternal opinion of treatment · women with breast engorgement during lactation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Other treatments vs other treatments/routine care

Cessation of breastfeeding, · women with breast engorgement during lactation

1 finding from 1 review

Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 210 participants
Low

Other treatments vs other treatments/routine care

Number of women with adverse events · women with breast engorgement during lactation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone

Pain intensity various scales short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain

2 findings from 1 review

Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 59 participants
Low
Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 405 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone

Pain: intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 45 participants
Low

Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone

Depressive symptoms · adults with chronic low‐back pain

2 findings from 1 review

Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 59 participants
Low
Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 50 participants
Low

Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone

Functional ability · adults with chronic low‐back pain

2 findings from 1 review

Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 59 participants
Low
Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 51 participants
Low

Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone

CI: Confidence interval · adults with chronic low‐back pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Hypnotherapy vs behavioural treatments or no treatment

Smoking cessation · people who smoke

Hypnotherapy showed no clear difference in hypnotherapy versus attention‐matched behavioural treatments Smoking… compared with behavioural treatments or no treatment (low certainty).

4 findings from 1 review

Hypnotherapy for smoking cessation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.21 [0.91, 1.61]
6 studies · 957 participants
Low
Hypnotherapy for smoking cessation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.57, 1.69]
2 studies · 269 participants
Very low
Hypnotherapy for smoking cessation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.93 [0.47, 1.82]
2 studies · 211 participants
Very low

Show 1 more finding

Hypnotherapy for smoking cessation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 19 [1.18, 305.88]
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Oestrogen + other treatments vs placebo

Incontinent episodes over 24 hours ‐ oestrogen + progesterone vs placebo · patients with urinary incontinence in post‐menopausal women

1 finding from 1 review

Oestrogen therapy for urinary incontinence in post‐menopausal women 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 83 participants
Moderate

Oestrogen + other treatments vs placebo

Number with incontinence not improved (women's observations) ‐ oestrogen + progesterone vs placebo (Copy) · patients with urinary incontinence in post‐menopausal women

Oestrogen + other treatments leads to higher number with incontinence not improved (women's observations) ‐… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oestrogen therapy for urinary incontinence in post‐menopausal women 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [1.01, 1.16]
2 studies · 1514 participants
High

Ghrelin in combination with other treatments vs ghrelin treatment alone

Food intake · cancer cachexia in adults

1 finding from 1 review

Ghrelin for the management of cachexia associated with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Ghrelin in combination with other treatments vs ghrelin treatment alone

Weight (kg) · cancer cachexia in adults

1 finding from 1 review

Ghrelin for the management of cachexia associated with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Ghrelin in combination with other treatments vs ghrelin treatment alone

Adverse events · cancer cachexia in adults

1 finding from 1 review

Ghrelin for the management of cachexia associated with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Compress treatments vs other treatments/routine care

Breast swelling · women with breast engorgement during lactation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found