Mask may leads to lower treatment failure compared with prongs (low certainty).
Mask showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with prongs (low certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
Mask showed no clear difference in pneumothorax compared with prongs (low certainty).
Mask may leads to lower moderate–severe nasal injury compared with prongs (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether mask changes bronchopulmonary dysplasia compared with prongs (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether modified personal protective equipment (PPE): mask plus tabs changes contamination of mask from hands compared with standard masks (very low certainty).
Medical/surgical masks showed no clear difference in viral respiratory illness ‐ influenza/COVID‐like illness compared with no masks (moderate certainty).
Medical/surgical masks showed no clear difference in viral respiratory illness ‐ laboratory‐confirmed influenza/SARS‐CoV‐2 compared with no masks (moderate certainty).
Face mask may leads to lower treatment failure Failure to achieve adequate oxygenation (SaO2… compared with nasopharyngeal catheter (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether modified personal protective equipment (PPE): mask plus tabs changes contamination of head from hands compared with standard masks (very low certainty).
Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… showed no clear difference in death before discharge compared with face mask (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… changes intubation and mechanical ventilation in the DR compared with face mask (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… changes intubation and mechanical ventilationwithin 24 hours of birth compared with face mask (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… changes intubation and mechanical ventilation outside the DR during… compared with face mask (very low certainty).
Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… showed no clear difference in air leaks compared with face mask (low certainty).
Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… showed no clear difference in the need for supplemental oxygen at 36 weeks' corrected gestational… compared with face mask (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… changes cranial ultrasound abnormalities (IVH grade ≥ 3 or cystic… compared with face mask (very low certainty).