LipiFlow vs basic warm compresses
Change in patient‐reported symptom scores (lower is favored) · people with dry eye
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedVery low
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
4,410 questions · 8,901 findings · 1,091 reviews
No studies found 1,687 · 19%GRADE not reported 1,469 · 16.5%Very low 1,969 · 22.1%Low 2,060 · 23.1%Moderate 1,302 · 14.6%High 414 · 4.7%
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LipiFlow vs basic warm compresses
Mean change from baseline in meibomian gland atrophy scores at 1 to 4 weeks (lower is favored) · people with dry eye
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedLow
LipiFlow vs thermostatic devices
Change in patient‐reported symptom scores (lower is favored) · people with dry eye
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedVery low
LipiFlow vs thermostatic devices
Mean change from baseline in meibomian gland atrophy scores at 1 to 4 weeks (lower is favored) · people with dry eye
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedLow
Slow vs faster rates of enteral feed advancement
Necrotising enterocolitis · very preterm or very low birth weight infants
Slow showed no clear difference in necrotising enterocolitis before hospital discharge compared with faster rates of enteral feed advancement (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Slow advancement of enteral feed volumes to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.06 [0.83, 1.37]14 studies · 4026 participantsModerate
Slow vs faster rates of enteral feed advancement
Mortality before hospital discharge · very preterm or very low birth weight infants
Slow showed no clear difference in mortality before hospital discharge compared with faster rates of enteral feed advancement (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Slow advancement of enteral feed volumes to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.13 [0.91, 1.39]13 studies · 3860 participantsModerate
Slow vs faster rates of enteral feed advancement
Feed intolerance · very preterm or very low birth weight infants
Slow may leads to higher feed intolerance before hospital discharge compared with faster rates of enteral feed advancement (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Slow advancement of enteral feed volumes to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.189 studies · 719 participantsLow
Slow vs faster rates of enteral feed advancement
Invasive infection (before hospital discharge) · very preterm or very low birth weight infants
Slow showed no clear difference in invasive infection before hospital discharge compared with faster rates of enteral feed advancement (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Slow advancement of enteral feed volumes to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.14 [0.99, 1.31]11 studies · 3583 participantsLow
Upper clear plastic retainer + lower fixed canine-to-canine retainer vs Upper clear plastic retainer + lower interproximal reduction (adjunctive), no lower retainer
Stability: Little's Irregularity Index (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment
Upper clear plastic retainer + lower fixed canine-to-canine retainer showed no clear difference in stability: Little's Irregularity Index (lower arch) compared with upper clear plastic retainer + lower interproximal reduction…; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
- Retention procedures for stabilising tooth position after treatment with orthodontic braces 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes2 years · lower archMD -0.30 [-0.73, 0.13]1 study · 47 participantsGRADE not reported
Summary of findings: Low sodium intake vs high sodium intake
LDL‐cholesterol · Participants with normal or elevated blood pressure, but otherwise healthy
1 finding from 1 review
- Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol,… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted18 studies · 696 participantsHigh
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) · preterm or low birth weight infants
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher may leads to lower hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) compared with lower sodium intake (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.13 [0.03, 0.5]2 studies · 69 participantsLow
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Hypernatraemia (≥ 150 mmol/L) · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes hypernatraemia (≥ 150 mmol/L) compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 7.88 [0.43, 144.81]2 studies · 69 participantsVery low
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Postnatal growth failure (weight < 10th percentile) · preterm or low birth weight infants
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher may leads to lower postnatal growth failure (weight < 10th percentile) compared with lower sodium intake (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.25 [0.09, 0.69]1 study · 29 participantsLow
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Necrotising enterocolitis · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes necrotising enterocolitis compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.07 [0, 1.25]1 study · 49 participantsVery low
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Chronic lung disease · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes chronic lung disease compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 2.03 [0.8, 5.2]1 study · 49 participantsVery low
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Mortality Mortality at latest · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes mortality (latest time reported up to hospital discharge) compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.13 [0.01, 2.2]1 study · 49 participantsVery low
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Neurodevelopmental disability · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted0 studies · 0 participantsGRADE not reported
Early (less than seven days following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Mortality Mortality at latest · preterm or low birth weight infants
Early (less than seven days following birth) higher showed no clear difference in mortality (latest time reported up to hospital discharge) compared with lower sodium intake (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.02 [0.38, 2.72]3 studies · 83 participantsLow
Early (less than seven days following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Neurodevelopmental disability · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted0 studies · 0 participantsGRADE not reported
Early (less than seven days following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake
Hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) · preterm or low birth weight infants
Early (less than seven days following birth) higher showed no clear difference in hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) compared with lower sodium intake (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.68 [0.4, 1.13]3 studies · 83 participantsLow