Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

54 questions · 61 findings · 7 reviews · Periodontology

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No studies found 12 · 19.7%GRADE not reported 44 · 72.1%Very low 0 · 0%Low 4 · 6.6%Moderate 1 · 1.6%High 0 · 0%

Occlusal intervention as an adjunct to periodontal therapy vs Sham (placebo) occlusal intervention as an adjunct to periodontal therapy

Outcome not reported · Adults (aged 18 years or older) with a clinical diagnosis of (chronic) periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes
Minimum 3 months (planned)
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

One type of occlusal intervention as an adjunct to periodontal therapy vs A different type of occlusal intervention as an adjunct to periodontal therapy (head-to-head)

Outcome not reported · Adults (aged 18 years or older) with a clinical diagnosis of (chronic) periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes
Minimum 3 months (planned)
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs usual care or no treatment

Observed flossing skill · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 months
Little 1997 observed and rated participants on flossing skill; Analysis of Covariance found a significant difference favouring the intervention group.
1 study · 107 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs usual care or no treatment

Plaque · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
The impact of psychological interventions on clinical markers was assessed in three studies (Little 1997; Stewart 1991; Weinstein 1996). All three found that psychological interventions resulted in improved plaque…
3 studies
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs usual care or no treatment

Self-efficacy beliefs (flossing) · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Stewart 1996: the psychological intervention group demonstrated significantly higher change in self efficacy scores for flossing at post-intervention compared to the other two groups (control and educational). Flossing…
1 study · 117 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs attention control

Plaque · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Weinstein 1996 reported that the psychological intervention led to improvements in plaque score greater than that noted in the attention control group; however the sample size in each arm was very small (n=5) and the…
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs usual care or no treatment

Probing pocket depth (PPD/PD) · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 months
Little 1997: no change in pocket depth; there were no differences between the intervention and control groups in overall change in pocket depth. (Some analyses suggested greater change in the intervention group when…
1 study · 107 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs usual care or no treatment

Gingival bleeding (various bleeding indices) · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 months
Little 1997 reported decreased gingival bleeding in the active intervention group: gingival bleeding present in 9% of the intervention group at baseline and 4% at 4-month follow up, versus 10% of the control group on…
1 study · 107 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs usual care or no treatment

Periodontitis (clinical attachment loss) · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 months
Little 1997: no change in attachment loss; no differences between the intervention and control groups in overall change in attachment (loss of attachment) markers.
1 study · 107 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs attention control

Self-reported flossing · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
5 weeks (2 weeks post-intervention)
Stewart 1991: there were no differences between the attention control group and the cognitive behavioural (psychological) intervention group for self reported flossing; it cannot be concluded that the cognitive…
1 study · 50 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs usual care or no treatment

Observed tooth brushing skill · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 months
Little 1997 observed and rated participants on brushing skill; Analysis of Covariance found a significant difference favouring the intervention group (one of four measures on which significant differences were found…
1 study · 107 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs usual care or no treatment

Dental knowledge · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Stewart 1996: for dental knowledge the control group showed no change pre- and post-intervention, whereas the psychological intervention group improved dental knowledge significantly (both intervention groups improved…
1 study · 117 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs Educational intervention (oral hygiene education/instruction)

Self-reported tooth brushing · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
5 weeks (2 weeks post-intervention)
Stewart 1991: for self reported brushing only the comparison of the control group with the cognitive behavioural intervention was significant; the cognitive behavioural (psychological) intervention showed no…
1 study · 50 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs usual care or no treatment

Self-efficacy beliefs (tooth brushing) · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Stewart 1996: the psychological intervention had no discernible effect on self efficacy beliefs concerning tooth brushing; the data on perceived self efficacy for tooth brushing were not analysed due to ceiling effects…
1 study · 117 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs usual care or no treatment

Self-reported flossing · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Self assessed flossing was assessed in two studies (Little 1997; Stewart 1991); both reported improvements for the intervention groups. Little 1997: Analysis of Covariance found significant differences favouring the…
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs attention control

Self-reported tooth brushing · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
5 weeks (2 weeks post-intervention)
Stewart 1991: for self reported brushing only the comparison of the control group with the cognitive behavioural intervention was significant; the cognitive behavioural (psychological) intervention conveyed no…
1 study · 50 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs Educational intervention (oral hygiene education/instruction)

Plaque · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
5 weeks (2 weeks post-intervention)
Stewart 1991: while the educational intervention group and the cognitive behavioural intervention group both showed significant differences compared to the control group in plaque scores, the cognitive behavioural…
1 study · 50 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs Educational intervention (oral hygiene education/instruction)

Self-reported flossing · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
5 weeks (2 weeks post-intervention)
Stewart 1991: there were no differences between the educational intervention group and the cognitive behavioural (psychological) intervention group for self reported flossing; improvements in flossing could not be…
1 study · 50 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs usual care or no treatment

Self-reported tooth brushing · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Self assessed brushing was assessed in two studies (Little 1997; Stewart 1991); both found the intervention groups reported improved brushing. Little 1997: Analysis of Covariance found significant differences favouring…
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Psychological intervention based on a specified psychological model/theory (to increase adherence to oral hygiene instructions) vs Educational intervention (oral hygiene education/instruction)

Dental knowledge · Adults (aged 18 or over) diagnosed with periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Stewart 1996: there was no difference in change in dental knowledge at post-intervention between the educational and psychological groups (both improved significantly relative to control).
1 study · 78 participants
GRADE not reported