Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

51 questions · 51 findings · 6 reviews · Hepato-Biliary

No studies found 14 · 27.5%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 27 · 52.9%Low 4 · 7.8%Moderate 6 · 11.8%High 0 · 0%

Percutaneous ethanol injection vs no intervention, other ablation methods, or systemic treatment

All‐cause mortality at last · people with liver metastases

It is very uncertain whether percutaneous ethanol injection changes mortality at last compared with no intervention, other ablation methods, or systemic treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Percutaneous ethanol injection vs no intervention, other ablation methods, or systemic treatment

Failure to clear liver metastases or recurrence of liver metastases · people with liver metastases

It is very uncertain whether percutaneous ethanol injection changes failure to clear liver metastases or recurrence of liver metastases compared with no intervention, other ablation methods, or systemic treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection vs percutaneous alcohol injection

Mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection changes mortality at maximal compared with percutaneous alcohol injection (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection vs percutaneous alcohol injection

Cancer‐related mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection changes cancer‐related mortality at maximal compared with percutaneous alcohol injection (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection vs percutaneous alcohol injection

Serious adverse events (number of participants) · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection changes serious adverse events (number of participants) compared with percutaneous alcohol injection (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Percutaneous ethanol injection vs radiofrequency ablation

Mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether percutaneous alcohol injection changes mortality at maximal compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Percutaneous ethanol injection vs radiofrequency ablation

Cancer‐related mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

Percutaneous alcohol injection may leads to higher cancer‐related mortality at maximal compared with radiofrequency ablation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Percutaneous ethanol injection vs radiofrequency ablation

Serious adverse events (number of participants) · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether percutaneous alcohol injection changes serious adverse events (number of participants) compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Percutaneous ethanol injection vs radiofrequency ablation

Serious adverse events (number of events) · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether percutaneous alcohol injection changes serious adverse events (number of events) compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review