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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

24 questions · 24 findings · 2 reviews

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No studies found 11 · 45.8%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 9 · 37.5%Moderate 3 · 12.5%High 1 · 4.2%

Heliox vs placebo or no treatment

Proportion of children hospitalised · children with croup

Heliox showed no clear difference in proportion of children hospitalised compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox vs placebo or no treatment

Proportion of children re‐presenting for medical care for ongoing croup symptoms (return to care) · children with croup

Heliox showed no clear difference in proportion of children re‐presenting for medical care for ongoing… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Proportion of children hospitalised · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Length of hospital stay · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Proportion of children intubated · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Duration of intubation · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Proportion of children re‐presenting for medical care for ongoing croup symptoms (return to care) · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Adverse events · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Change in clinical respiratory scores (m‐WCAS) within the first hour after starting heliox treatment · infants with bronchiolitis
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Need for mechanical ventilation (invasive or not) · infants with bronchiolitis

The intervention showed no clear difference in need for mechanical ventilation (invasive or not) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review