What do systematic reviews say?

What is the effect of general anaesthesia including nitrous oxide vs without nitrous oxide on the risk of accidental awareness during general anaesthesia

• Nitrous oxide‐based versus nitrous oxide‐free general anaesthesia and accidental awareness during general anaesthesia… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  14 studies · 3439 participants
  Very low

What is the effect of general anaesthesia including nitrous oxide vs without nitrous oxide on the risk of accidental awareness during general anaesthesia

• Nitrous oxide‐based versus nitrous oxide‐free general anaesthesia and accidental awareness during general anaesthesia… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 263 participants
  Very low

What is the effect of general anaesthesia including nitrous oxide vs without nitrous oxide on the risk of accidental awareness during general anaesthesia

• Nitrous oxide‐based versus nitrous oxide‐free general anaesthesia and accidental awareness during general anaesthesia… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 556 participants
  Very low

Entropy vs Standard care alone (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse)

• Spectral entropy monitoring for adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 12 participants
  GRADE not reported

Epidural anaesthesia in addition to general anaesthesia vs general anaesthesia

Epidural anaesthesia in addition to general anaesthesia showed no clear difference in death from all causes Range of compared with general anaesthesia alone (low certainty).

• Anaesthetic techniques for risk of malignant tumour recurrence 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.03 [0.86, 1.24]
  3 studies · 647 participants
  Low

Epidural anaesthesia in addition to general anaesthesia vs general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether epidural anaesthesia in addition to general anaesthesia changes tumour progression or death from all causes Range of compared with general anaesthesia alone (very low certainty).

• Anaesthetic techniques for risk of malignant tumour recurrence 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.88 [0.56, 1.38]
  2 studies · 535 participants
  Very low

Epidural anaesthesia in addition to general anaesthesia vs general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether epidural anaesthesia in addition to general anaesthesia changes tumour progression Median compared with general anaesthesia alone (very low certainty).

• Anaesthetic techniques for risk of malignant tumour recurrence 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.5 [1, 2.25]
  2 studies · 545 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to lower block success (supplementation or conversion to general anaesthesia (moderate certainty).

• Ultrasound guidance for upper and lower limb blocks 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.28 [0.2, 0.39]
  18 studies · 1807 participants
  Moderate

Early removal of the LMA vs late removal of the LMA after general anaesthesia

Early removal of the LMA showed no clear difference in laryngospasm (immediate) compared with late removal of the LMA after general anaesthesia (low certainty).

• Early versus late removal of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) for general anaesthesia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.23 [0.74, 2.03]
  11 studies · 1615 participants
  Low

Early removal of the LMA vs late removal of the LMA after general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether early removal of the LMA changes desaturation (immediate) compared with late removal of the LMA after general anaesthesia (very low certainty).

• Early versus late removal of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) for general anaesthesia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.68 [0.4, 1.16]
  13 studies · 2037 participants
  Very low

Early removal of the LMA vs late removal of the LMA after general anaesthesia

Early removal of the LMA may leads to higher airway obstruction (immediate) compared with late removal of the LMA after general anaesthesia (low certainty).

• Early versus late removal of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) for general anaesthesia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.69 [1.32, 5.5]
  8 studies · 1313 participants
  Low

Early removal of the LMA vs late removal of the LMA after general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether early removal of the LMA changes coughing (immediate) compared with late removal of the LMA after general anaesthesia (very low certainty).

• Early versus late removal of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) for general anaesthesia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.52 [0.29, 0.94]
  11 studies · 1430 participants
  Very low

Neuraxial vs general anaesthesia

Neuraxial showed no clear difference in myocardial infarction－Spinal anaesthesia compared with general anaesthesia (low certainty).

• Neuraxial anaesthesia for lower‐limb revascularization 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.89 [0.5, 7.21]
  2 studies · 306 participants
  Low

Neuraxial vs general anaesthesia

Neuraxial showed no clear difference in myocardial infarction－Epidural anaesthesia compared with general anaesthesia (low certainty).

• Neuraxial anaesthesia for lower‐limb revascularization 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.98 [0.37, 2.58]
  3 studies · 390 participants
  Low

Neuraxial vs general anaesthesia

Neuraxial showed no clear difference in amputation rate－Spinal anaesthesia compared with general anaesthesia (low certainty).

• Neuraxial anaesthesia for lower‐limb revascularization 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.04 [0.35, 3.06]
  2 studies · 235 participants
  Low

Neuraxial vs general anaesthesia

Neuraxial showed no clear difference in amputation rate－Epidural anaesthesia compared with general anaesthesia (low certainty).

• Neuraxial anaesthesia for lower‐limb revascularization 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.66 [0.21, 2.07]
  2 studies · 230 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  282 studies · 50812 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  41 studies · 6156 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 participants
  GRADE not reported