Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

9 questions · 9 findings · 3 reviews

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No studies found 1 · 11.1%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 11.1%Low 3 · 33.3%Moderate 3 · 33.3%High 1 · 11.1%

Epidural local anaesthetic vs opioid‐based regimen

Time from completion of operation to first flatus (hours) · adults

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid‐based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis,… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
22 studies · 1138 participants
High

Epidural local anaesthetic vs opioid‐based regimen

Time required to observe first faeces · adults

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid‐based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis,… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
28 studies · 1559 participants
Low

Epidural local anaesthetic vs opioid‐based regimen

Pain (VAS scores) on movement at postoperative day 1 Scale from: 0 to 10. · adults

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid‐based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis,… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
35 studies · 2731 participants
Moderate

Epidural local anaesthetic vs opioid‐based regimen

Vomiting · adults

Epidural local anaesthetic showed no clear difference in vomiting during first 24 hours compared with opioid‐based regimen (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid‐based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis,… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.57, 1.23]
22 studies · 1154 participants
Low

Epidural local anaesthetic vs opioid‐based regimen

Anastomotic leak · adults

Epidural local anaesthetic showed no clear difference in anastomotic leak compared with opioid‐based regimen (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid‐based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis,… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.74 [0.41, 1.32]
17 studies · 848 participants
Low

Epidural local anaesthetic vs opioid‐based regimen

Length of hospital stay · adults

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid‐based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis,… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
30 studies · 2598 participants
Very low

Automated mandatory bolus vs basal infusion

Local anaesthetic consumption per hour (mg/hr)c during labour epidural analgesia · term, pregnant women (nulliparous, or combination of nulli‐ and muliparous) requesting for labour epidural analgesia

1 finding from 1 review

Automated mandatory bolus versus basal infusion for maintenance of epidural analgesia in labour 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 1642 participants
Moderate

Thoracic epidural anaesthesia vs conventional pain control

Adverse effects of epidural anaesthesia ‐ not reported · Patients undergoing thoracotomy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Local anaesthetics and regional anaesthesia versus conventional analgesia for preventing persistent postoperative pain… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Thoracic epidural anaesthesia vs conventional pain control

Persistent pain 3 to 18 months after thoracotomy (We defined persistent postsurgical pain as new pain that did not exist before the operation, measured using differences in scores based on validated pain scales; patient interview between 3 to 18 m... · Patients undergoing thoracotomy

Thoracic epidural anaesthesia probably leads to lower persistent pain 3 to 18 months after thoracotomy (We defined… compared with conventional pain control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Local anaesthetics and regional anaesthesia versus conventional analgesia for preventing persistent postoperative pain… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.52 [0.32, 0.84]
7 studies · 499 participants
Moderate