Caesarean section ‐ ST analysis · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… showed no clear difference in caesarean section ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal infection · pregnant women
Vitamin A alone may leads to lower maternal clinical infection compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cord pH less than 7.05 and base deficit greater than 12 mmol/L ‐ ST analysis · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… showed no clear difference in cord pH less than 7.05 and base deficit greater than 12 mmol/L ‐ ST… compared with CTG alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal encephalopathy ‐ ST analysis · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… showed no clear difference in neonatal encephalopathy ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Fetal blood sampling ‐ ST analysis · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… leads to lower fetal blood sampling ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Instrumental vaginal birth · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… leads to lower operative vaginal delivery ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal admission to special care · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… showed no clear difference in admission to neonatal special care unit ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Any perinatal death after randomisation · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… showed no clear difference in perinatal death ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Surgical site infection · women undergoing caesarean section
It is very uncertain whether parachlorometaxylenol with iodine changes surgical site infection compared with iodine alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects · women with eclampsia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Side effects · women with pre‐eclampsia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse effects on women: faecal incontinence during first 10 postpartum days · postpartum women who underwent surgical repair of third degree perineal tears
It is very uncertain whether laxative plus bulking agent changes adverse effects on women: faecal incontinence during first 10… compared with laxative alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects on babies · postpartum women who underwent surgical repair of third degree perineal tears
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Hysterectomy to control bleeding · women with primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal or caesarean birth
Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in surgical intervention to control bleeding: Hysterectomy compared with placebo or standard care alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects of the intervention: Any maternal vascular occlusive event · women with primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal or caesarean birth
Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in side effects of the intervention: Any maternal vascular occlusive… compared with placebo or standard care alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Endometritis · women undergoing caesarean section
It is very uncertain whether parachlorometaxylenol with iodine changes endometritis compared with iodine alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Length of stay · women undergoing caesarean section
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events (maternal or neonatal) · women undergoing caesarean section
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Recurrent pyelonephritis · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes recurrent pyelonephritis compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrent UTI (cystitis) · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes recurrent UTI (cystitis) compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review