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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

100 questions · 105 findings · 18 reviews

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No studies found 18 · 17.1%GRADE not reported 8 · 7.6%Very low 20 · 19%Low 34 · 32.4%Moderate 18 · 17.1%High 7 · 6.7%

Double vs single‐injection technique

Primary anaesthesia failure (incomplete sensory block) · Adult patients undergoing hand, wrist or forearm surgery

Double leads to lower primary anaesthesia failure (incomplete sensory block) compared with single‐injection technique (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Double vs single‐injection technique

Secondary analgesia failure: Intraoperative sedation required · Adult patients undergoing hand, wrist or forearm surgery

Double showed no clear difference in secondary analgesia failure ‐ intraoperative sedation required compared with single‐injection technique (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Double vs single‐injection technique

Secondary analgesia failure : Tourniquet pain · Adult patients undergoing hand, wrist or forearm surgery

Double showed no clear difference in secondary analgesia failure ‐ tourniquet pain compared with single‐injection technique (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Double gloves vs single gloves

Dexterity: outer glove perforations ‐ number of perforations Water leak test or air test · healthcare workers

Double gloves showed no clear difference in dexterity: outer glove perforations ‐ number of perforations Water… compared with single gloves (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Platinum doublet vs non‐platinum therapy

Overall survival · people with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer, performance status 2 without a targetable mutation or with an unknown mutation status

Platinum doublet probably leads to lower overall survival compared with non‐platinum therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Platinum doublet vs non‐platinum therapy

12‐month survival rates · people with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer, performance status 2 without a targetable mutation or with an unknown mutation status

Platinum doublet probably leads to lower 12‐month survival rates compared with non‐platinum therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Platinum doublet vs non‐platinum therapy

Progression‐free survival · people with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer, performance status 2 without a targetable mutation or with an unknown mutation status

Platinum doublet probably leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with non‐platinum therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Platinum doublet vs non‐platinum therapy

Tumor response rate · people with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer, performance status 2 without a targetable mutation or with an unknown mutation status

Platinum doublet probably leads to higher tumor response rate compared with non‐platinum therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Platinum doublet vs non‐platinum therapy

Toxicity – anemia grade 3–5 · people with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer, performance status 2 without a targetable mutation or with an unknown mutation status

Platinum doublet showed no clear difference in toxicity – anemia grade 3–5 compared with non‐platinum therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Platinum doublet vs non‐platinum therapy

Toxicity – neutropenia grade 3–5 · people with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer, performance status 2 without a targetable mutation or with an unknown mutation status

Platinum doublet may leads to higher toxicity – neutropenia grade 3–5 compared with non‐platinum therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review