Prolonged abstinence at longest · smokers with COPD
1 finding from 1 review
Point prevalence abstinence at longest · smokers with COPD
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination showed no clear difference in mortality (all‐cause) compared with tiotropium (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital admissions · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination showed no clear difference in hospital admission (all causes) compared with tiotropium (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Exacerbations · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination showed no clear difference in exacerbation ‐ at 12‐month compared with tiotropium (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Non‐fatal serious adverse events · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (non‐fatal) compared with tiotropium (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
1 finding from 1 review
FEV1 · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
1 finding from 1 review
FEV1 pre‐dose ‐ FEV1 1 year · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Moderate
Number of participants experiencing one or more episode requiring treatment with oral steroids · adults and children with chronic asthma
Combination fluticasone/salmeterol showed no clear difference in participants experiencing exacerbations requiring oral steroid… compared with budesonide/formoterol (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital admissions due to exacerbations: number of participants · adults and children with chronic asthma
Combination fluticasone/salmeterol showed no clear difference in participants experiencing exacerbations requiring admission to… compared with budesonide/formoterol (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Asthma‐related serious adverse event · adults and children with chronic asthma
Combination fluticasone/salmeterol showed no clear difference in asthma‐related serious adverse event compared with budesonide/formoterol (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · adults and children with chronic asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults and children with chronic asthma
Combination fluticasone/salmeterol showed no clear difference in withdrawals (adverse events) compared with budesonide/formoterol (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital admissions · Adults with acute asthma
Combination inhaled therapy probably leads to lower hospitalisation compared with SABA alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total adverse events · Adults with acute asthma
Combination inhaled therapy probably leads to higher total adverse events compared with SABA alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
FEV1 · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Percent change FEV₁(%) · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Health outcomes Peak expiratory flow readings (higher readings indicate better peak flow) · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Change in PEF · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review