What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

• Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 325 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 125 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 91 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 246 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 62 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 228 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 76 participants
  Low

Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists

• Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 4935 participants
  GRADE not reported

Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists

Tiotropium probably leads to lower patients with 1 or more exacerbations compared with long‐acting beta‐agonists (moderate certainty).

• Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.86 [0.79, 0.93]
  6 studies · 12123 participants
  Moderate

Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists

It is very uncertain whether tiotropium changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with long‐acting beta‐agonists (very low certainty).

• Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.82 [0.6, 1.13]
  6 studies · 12123 participants
  Very low

Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists

• Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 367 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 188 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 94 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 77 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 36 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 41 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 287 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 212 participants
  Moderate

Glycerrhetinic acid/antibiotic mixture vs Calcium hydroxide (CH)

• Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes

  24 months
  Shovelton 1971 (Analysis 1.1): 275 teeth followed for 2 years (235 at 6 months, 160 at 12 months, 85 analysed at 24 months). Success rates 50% to 80%. Ledermix and calcium hydroxide had the highest success rates,…
  1 study · 275 participants
  GRADE not reported