Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,231 questions · 3,354 findings · 394 reviews

No studies found 803 · 23.9%GRADE not reported 267 · 8%Very low 757 · 22.6%Low 859 · 25.6%Moderate 486 · 14.5%High 182 · 5.4%

beta‐lactam monotherapy vs beta‐lactam (cloxacillin) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin)

All cause mortality · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

beta‐lactam monotherapy showed no clear difference in all cause mortality compared with beta‐lactam‐aminoglycoside combination therapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

beta‐lactam monotherapy vs beta‐lactam (cloxacillin) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin)

Any nephrotoxicity ‐ Ag dosing regimen (Copy) · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

beta‐lactam monotherapy leads to lower any nephrotoxicity ‐ Ag dosing regimen (Copy) compared with beta‐lactam‐aminoglycoside combination therapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

beta‐lactam monotherapy vs beta‐lactam (cloxacillin) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin)

Clinical failure—same beta lactam Antibiotic modifications · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

beta‐lactam monotherapy probably leads to higher treatment failure ‐ same beta‐lactam compared with beta‐lactam‐aminoglycoside combination therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

beta‐lactam monotherapy vs beta‐lactam (cloxacillin) plus aminoglycoside (gentamicin)

Treatment failure ‐ different beta‐lactam · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

beta‐lactam monotherapy may leads to lower treatment failure ‐ different beta‐lactam compared with beta‐lactam‐aminoglycoside combination therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival among all patients · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy leads to lower overall survival among all patients compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Presence of tumor‐free resection margin · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy showed no clear difference in presence of tumor‐free resection margin compared with primary surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Tumor stage at resection (T0 to T2 vs T3 to T4) · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy probably leads to higher tumor stage at resection (T0 to T2 vs T3 to T4) compared with primary surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Tumor stage at resection (N0 vs N+) · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy may leads to higher tumor stage at resection (N0 vs N+) compared with primary surgery (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Disease-free survival · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy showed no clear difference in disease‐free survival (landmark time 6 months) compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by type of data ‐ Individual patient data · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy leads to lower overall survival by type of data ‐ Individual patient data compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by type of data ‐ Aggregated data · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival by type of data ‐ Aggregated data compared with primary surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by tumor site ‐ Esophagus · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival by tumor site ‐ Esophagus compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by tumor site ‐ GE junction · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy leads to lower overall survival by tumor site ‐ GE junction compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by tumor site ‐ Stomach · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival by tumor site ‐ Stomach compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by chemo‐/radiotherapy ‐ Chemotherapy only · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy leads to lower overall survival by chemo‐/radiotherapy ‐ Chemotherapy only compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by chemo‐/radiotherapy ‐ Chemoradiotherapy · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival by chemo‐/radiotherapy ‐ Chemoradiotherapy compared with primary surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Survival · patients with unresectable periampullary carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes survival (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Gastric outlet obstruction Clinical symptoms of vomiting with confirmation of the gastric outlet obstruction by radiological or endoscopic investigations · patients with unresectable periampullary carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes gastric outlet obstruction Clinical symptoms of vomiting with… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review