Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,454 questions · 3,562 findings · 816 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 538 · 15.1%GRADE not reported 239 · 6.7%Very low 933 · 26.2%Low 1,041 · 29.2%Moderate 612 · 17.2%High 199 · 5.6%

Alpha2‐adrenergic agonist vs control

Acute stroke (within 30‐days after surgery: new focal neurologic deficit with signs and symptoms lasting longer than 24 hours) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery

Alpha‐2 adrenergic agonists may leads to lower acute stroke (within 30‐days after surgery: new focal neurologic… compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alpha2‐adrenergic agonist vs control

All‐cause mortality (within 30‐days after surgery: any reported death) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery

Alpha‐2 adrenergic agonists showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (within 30‐days after surgery: any reported death) compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alpha2‐adrenergic agonist vs control

Myocardial infarction (within 30‐days after surgery: sudden death or death resulting from a primarily identifiable cardiac cause) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery

Alpha‐2 adrenergic agonists showed no clear difference in myocardial infarction (within 30‐days after surgery: sudden death or… compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tranexamic acid vs placebo + standard care

Control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days All treatments (topical and oral) · adults with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis)

Tranexamic acid probably leads to lower control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days All… compared with placebo plus usual care or usual care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tranexamic acid vs placebo + standard care

Control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days Oral treatment only · adults with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis)

Tranexamic acid probably leads to lower control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days Oral… compared with placebo plus usual care or usual care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tranexamic acid vs placebo + standard care

Control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days Topical application (10% gel) only · adults with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis)

Tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in control of epistaxis: episodes of re‐bleeding over 10 days Topical… compared with placebo plus usual care or usual care alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tranexamic acid vs placebo + standard care

Severity of re‐bleeding: proportion of patients requiring blood transfusion within 10 days · adults with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis)

Tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in severity of re‐bleeding: proportion of patients requiring blood… compared with placebo plus usual care or usual care alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review