Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,703 questions · 15,007 findings · 1,416 reviews

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No studies found 2,881 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 1,551 · 10.3%Very low 3,111 · 20.7%Low 3,881 · 25.9%Moderate 2,669 · 17.8%High 914 · 6.1%

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Intervention not reported

Undercorrected single vision spectacles · children with progressive myopia (21 studies, 4169 participants in the analysis) Interventions: optical and pharmacological Comparator:…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for myopia control in children: a living systematic review and network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 122 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Pirenzepine · children with progressive myopia (38 studies, 6525 participants in analyses) Interventions: optical and pharmacological Comparator:…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for myopia control in children: a living systematic review and network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 210 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

7‐methyxanthine · children with progressive myopia (38 studies, 6525 participants in analyses) Interventions: optical and pharmacological Comparator:…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for myopia control in children: a living systematic review and network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 77 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Multifocal soft contact lenses · children with progressive myopia (38 studies, 6525 participants in analyses) Interventions: optical and pharmacological Comparator:…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for myopia control in children: a living systematic review and network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 712 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Rigid gas‐permeable contact lenses · children with progressive myopia (38 studies, 6525 participants in analyses) Interventions: optical and pharmacological Comparator:…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for myopia control in children: a living systematic review and network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 178 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Peripheral plus spectacle lenses · children with progressive myopia (38 studies, 6525 participants in analyses) Interventions: optical and pharmacological Comparator:…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for myopia control in children: a living systematic review and network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 480 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Multifocal spectacle lenses · children with progressive myopia (38 studies, 6525 participants in analyses) Interventions: optical and pharmacological Comparator:…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for myopia control in children: a living systematic review and network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 729 participants
Low

GnRHa treatment vs placebo

Relief of overall pain ‐ reported as pelvic pain ‐ 3 months · women with endometriosis

GnRHas may leads to higher relief of overall pain ‐ reported as pelvic pain ‐ 3 months compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone analogues for endometriosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.14 [1.41, 3.24]
1 study · 87 participants
Low

GnRHa treatment vs placebo

Relief of painful symptoms ‐ Dysmenorrhoea · women with endometriosis

GnRHas may leads to higher relief of overall pain ‐ reported as dysmenorrhoea ‐ 3 months compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone analogues for endometriosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.25 [1.59, 3.16]
1 study · 87 participants
Low

GnRHa treatment vs placebo

Relief of overall pain ‐ reported as dyspareunia ‐ 3 months · women with endometriosis

GnRHas may leads to higher relief of overall pain ‐ reported as dyspareunia ‐ 3 months compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone analogues for endometriosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.21 [1.39, 3.54]
1 study · 87 participants
Low

GnRHa treatment vs placebo

Relief of overall pain ‐ reported as pelvic tenderness ‐ 6 months · women with endometriosis

GnRHas may leads to higher relief of overall pain ‐ reported as pelvic tenderness scores‐ 3… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone analogues for endometriosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.28 [1.48, 3.5]
1 study · 87 participants
Low

GnRHa treatment vs placebo

Relief of overall pain ‐ reported as pelvic induration ‐ 6 months · women with endometriosis

GnRHas showed no clear difference in relief of overall pain ‐ reported as pelvic induration scores ‐ 3… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone analogues for endometriosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.07 [0.64, 1.79]
1 study · 87 participants
Low

Spinal cord stimulation vs placebo

Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · adults with low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal cord stimulation for low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 50 participants
Moderate

Spinal cord stimulation vs placebo

Disability (Roland‐Morris Disability Questionnaire) Scale from: 0 to 23; 0 is no disability. · adults with low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal cord stimulation for low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 50 participants
Moderate

Spinal cord stimulation vs placebo

QoL · adults with low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal cord stimulation for low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 50 participants
Moderate

Spinal cord stimulation vs placebo

Global assessment of efficacy ≥ 50% improvement in pain Medium‐term · adults with low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal cord stimulation for low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Spinal cord stimulation vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults with low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal cord stimulation for low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
Very low

Spinal cord stimulation vs placebo

Adverse eventsc · adults with low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal cord stimulation for low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
Very low

Spinal cord stimulation vs placebo

Serious adverse eventsd · adults with low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Spinal cord stimulation for low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Sucrose (any concentration, any dose, with or without NNS) vs placebo or control

Pain (PIPP) · neonates

3 findings from 1 review

Sucrose analgesia for heel‐lance procedures in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 547 participants
Moderate
Sucrose analgesia for heel‐lance procedures in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 227 participants
Low
Sucrose analgesia for heel‐lance procedures in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 164 participants
Moderate