Clinical response ‐ complete response · People with erosive oral lichen planus
1% pimecrolimus cream showed no clear difference in complete clinical response (complete clearance) compared with placebo (vehicle cream); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Partial response (partial or complete response) · People with erosive oral lichen planus
Topical ciclosporin 1.5% gel led to higher partial response (partial or complete response) compared with topical clobetasol propionate 0.025% gel; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Relapse rate when medications stopped · People with erosive oral lichen planus
1 finding from 1 review
In Passeron 2007 (n=12), all participants who improved during treatment relapsed within 1 month of ceasing treatment.
1 study · 12 participants
GRADE not reported
Physician Global Assessment (cure of erosive lesions, remarkably effective) · People with erosive oral lichen planus
Radix tripterygium hypoglaucum tablet (THT) showed no clear difference in physician Global Assessment (cure of erosive lesions, remarkably… compared with tripterygium glucosides tablet (TGT); GRADE not reported.
2 findings from 1 review
Reduction in number of flares · People of any age with erosive lichen planus affecting the oral, anogenital, and/or oesophageal regions
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Pain reduction (VAS 0-10) · People with erosive oral lichen planus
Clobetasol propionate ointment 0.05% showed no clear difference in pain reduction (VAS 0-10) compared with 5% topical mesalazine gel in adhesive base; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Physician Global Assessment (weighted sums of ulceration, erythema, reticulation, mm2) · People with erosive oral lichen planus
1% pimecrolimus cream showed no clear difference in physician Global Assessment (weighted sums of ulceration, erythema,… compared with placebo (vehicle cream); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects · People with erosive oral lichen planus
1 finding from 1 review
Table 3 (Side-effects). Conrotto 2006: ciclosporin - skin rashes (2), parotid swelling (1), and dyspepsia (3); clobetasol - dyspepsia (1).
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported
Any topical or systemic intervention vs Placebo, no treatment, or another intervention
Outcome not reported · People with erosive oesophageal lichen planus
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Physician Global Assessment (Thongprasom score) · People with erosive oral lichen planus
Aloe vera gel showed no clear difference in physician Global Assessment (Thongprasom score) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Primary outcome: partial clinical response · People with erosive oral lichen planus
Aloe vera gel led to higher partial response (>=50% clinical improvement) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Any systemic reaction to an insect sting · adults and children with a previous allergic reaction to an insect sting
The intervention leads to lower any systemic reaction to an insect sting (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Large local reaction · adults and children with a previous allergic reaction to an insect sting
The intervention probably leads to lower large local reaction (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Vespid Quality of Life Questionnaire ‐ end of treatment Scale from 0 to 7, where a higher score indicates less quality of life impairment. · adults and children with a previous allergic reaction to an insect sting
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Any systemic reaction to treatment · adults and children with a previous allergic reaction to an insect sting
The intervention probably leads to higher any systemic reaction to treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects · People with erosive oral lichen planus
1 finding from 1 review
Table 3 (Side-effects). Choonhakarn 2008: no serious side-effects; 2 participants receiving aloe vera gel reported stinging and mild itching at lesions within the first week, symptoms spontaneously disappeared with…
1 study · 45 participants
GRADE not reported
Investigator‐ or physician‐rated global assessment of disease severity · People with erosive oral lichen planus
Betamethasone oral mini-pulse therapy led to higher physician Global Assessment (clinical severity, 0-12 score) compared with topical triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% paste; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects · People with erosive oral lichen planus
1 finding from 1 review
Table 3 (Side-effects). Hegarty 2002: nausea (4), swollen mouth (1), bad taste and smell (6), difficulty in spray application (7), dry mouth (2), sore throat (1), red painful tongue (1), and pseudomembranous…
1 study · 44 participants
GRADE not reported
Reduction in severity of flares · People of any age with erosive lichen planus affecting the oral, anogenital, and/or oesophageal regions
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Physician Global Assessment (Thongprasom score) · People with erosive oral lichen planus
Clobetasol-17-propionate 0.025% lipid-loaded microspheres showed no clear difference in physician Global Assessment (Thongprasom score) compared with conventional 0.025% clobetasol lipophilic ointment in hydrophilic…; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review