Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3,429 questions · 3,558 findings · 436 reviews

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No studies found 660 · 18.5%GRADE not reported 375 · 10.5%Very low 727 · 20.4%Low 887 · 24.9%Moderate 709 · 19.9%High 200 · 5.6%

Intervention not reported

HRQoL ‐ SGRQ subgrouped by domain ‐ impact · stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 67 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

HRQoL ‐ SGRQ subgrouped by domain ‐ symptoms · stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 67 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Weight (change from baseline ‐ undernourished) kg · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 324 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Weight (undernourished) kg · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 325 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Fat‐free mass/fat‐free mass index (change from baseline; undernourished participants) kg/m2 · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 125 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Fat mass/fat mass index (change from baseline; undernourished participants) kg/m2 · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 91 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

MAMC ‐ change from baseline · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 246 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Fat‐free mass index (undernourished patients) kg/m2 · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 62 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

FEV1 litres and % predicted · stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 228 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

FEV1 litres · stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 76 participants
Low

Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists

SGRQ Total SGRQ (Total) Score. Scale from: 0 to 100. Lower score indicates better quality of life. · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 4935 participants
GRADE not reported

Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists

Hospitalisations, number of participants with 1 or more exacerbations · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history

Tiotropium probably leads to lower patients with 1 or more exacerbations compared with long‐acting beta‐agonists (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.86 [0.79, 0.93]
6 studies · 12123 participants
Moderate

Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists

Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history

It is very uncertain whether tiotropium changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with long‐acting beta‐agonists (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.82 [0.6, 1.13]
6 studies · 12123 participants
Very low

Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists

Cost‐effectiveness · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Peak exercise capacity: Power (W) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 367 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Peak exercise capacity: Peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) (L/min) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 188 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Peak exercise test: Lactate threshold (L/min) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 94 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Peak exercise test: Isowork minute ventilation (VE) (L) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 77 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Peak exercise test: Isowork dyspnoea score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 36 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Exercise tolerance: Endurance time (min) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Low