What do systematic reviews say?

Mepolizumab 300 mg vs placebo

Mepolizumab 300 mg showed no clear difference in rate of moderate or severe exacerbations Eosinophilic phenotype compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Rate ratio 0.86 [0.7, 1.06]
  1 study · 451 participants
  Moderate

Mepolizumab 300 mg vs placebo

Mepolizumab 300 mg probably leads to lower time to first moderate or severe exacerbation Eosinophilic phenotype compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Hazard ratio 0.77 [0.6, 0.99]
  1 study · 451 participants
  Moderate

Mepolizumab 100 mg vs placebo

Mepolizumab 100 mg showed no clear difference in rate of moderate or severe exacerbations All participants compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Rate ratio 0.92 [0.82, 1.03]
  2 studies · 1285 participants
  Moderate

Benralizumab 10 mg vs placebo

Benralizumab 10 mg showed no clear difference in rate of moderate or severe exacerbations Eosinophils ≥ 220/μL compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Rate ratio 0.85 [0.71, 1.02]
  1 study · 765 participants
  Moderate

Benralizumab 10 mg vs placebo

Benralizumab 10 mg showed no clear difference in rate of moderate or severe exacerbations Eosinophils < 220/μL compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Rate ratio 1.04 [0.82, 1.32]
  1 study · 365 participants
  Moderate

Benralizumab 30 mg vs placebo

Benralizumab 30 mg showed no clear difference in rate of moderate or severe exacerbations Eosinophils ≥ 220/μL compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Rate ratio 1 [0.89, 1.13]
  2 studies · 1523 participants
  Moderate

Benralizumab 30 mg vs placebo

Benralizumab 30 mg showed no clear difference in rate of moderate or severe exacerbations Eosinophils < 220/μL compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Rate ratio 1.07 [0.91, 1.27]
  2 studies · 711 participants
  Moderate

Mepolizumab 100 mg vs placebo

Mepolizumab 100 mg leads to lower time to first moderate or severe exacerbation Eosinophilic phenotype compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Hazard ratio 0.78 [0.66, 0.92]
  2 studies · 981 participants
  High

Benralizumab 100 mg vs placebo

Benralizumab 100 mg showed no clear difference in rate of moderate or severe exacerbations compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Rate ratio 0.94 [0.85, 1.03]
  3 studies · 2314 participants
  Moderate

Benralizumab 100 mg vs placebo

Benralizumab 100 mg showed no clear difference in rate of moderate or severe exacerbations Eosinophils ≥ 220/μL compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Rate ratio 0.88 [0.78, 1]
  2 studies · 1512 participants
  Moderate

Benralizumab 100 mg vs placebo

Benralizumab 100 mg showed no clear difference in rate of moderate or severe exacerbations Eosinophils < 220/μL compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Rate ratio 1.02 [0.87, 1.2]
  2 studies · 720 participants
  Moderate

Mepolizumab 100 mg vs placebo

Mepolizumab 100 mg showed no clear difference in time to first moderate or severe exacerbation All participants compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Hazard ratio 0.87 [0.75, 1]
  2 studies · 1285 participants
  Moderate

Exercise vs usual care

Exercise showed no clear difference in depression (any severity, including mild, moderate and severe… compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Psychosocial interventions for preventing and treating depression in dialysis patients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 108 participants
  Moderate

CBT vs usual care

Cognitive‐behavioural therapy showed no clear difference in depression (any severity, including mild, moderate and severe… compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Psychosocial interventions for preventing and treating depression in dialysis patients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 230 participants
  Moderate

Relaxation vs usual care

Relaxation techniques showed no clear difference in depression (any severity, including mild, moderate and severe… compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Psychosocial interventions for preventing and treating depression in dialysis patients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 122 participants
  Moderate

Spiritual practice vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether spiritual practice changes depression (any severity, including mild, moderate and severe… compared with usual care (very low certainty).

• Psychosocial interventions for preventing and treating depression in dialysis patients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 116 participants
  Very low

Counselling vs usual care

Counselling showed no clear difference in depression (any severity, including mild, moderate and severe… compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Psychosocial interventions for preventing and treating depression in dialysis patients 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 99 participants
  Low

Surgical interventions (exploration and decompression / external neurolysis, internal neurolysis, neurorrhaphy / direct repair, neuroma excision, anastomosis, autologous or allograft nerve grafting or tubulization) vs conservative interventions

It is very uncertain whether surgical intervention changes pain: presence of pain (slight or moderate) at 1 year compared with conservative intervention (very low certainty).

• Surgical versus conservative interventions for treating acromioclavicular dislocation of the shoulder in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.32 [0.54, 3.19]
  1 study · 79 participants
  Very low

Herbal treatment vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Herbal medicinal products or preparations for neuropathic pain 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Acetyl‐L‐carnitine vs placebo

• Acetyl‐L‐carnitine for patients with hepatic encephalopathy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 121 participants
  Very low