Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

207 questions · 224 findings · 22 reviews · Vascular

No studies found 42 · 18.8%GRADE not reported 21 · 9.4%Very low 33 · 14.7%Low 81 · 36.2%Moderate 35 · 15.6%High 12 · 5.4%

Direct thrombin inhibitors vs low molecular weight heparin

Total Bleeding events · patients with prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement

Direct thrombin inhibitors showed no clear difference in total Bleeding events compared with low molecular weight heparins (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Direct thrombin inhibitors vs low molecular weight heparin

ALT >3 times the upper normal limit · patients with prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement

Direct thrombin inhibitors may leads to lower ALT >3 times the upper normal limit compared with low molecular weight heparins (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Symptomatic VTE · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE (DVT and PE) Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Symptomatic DVT · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in symptomatic DVT (proximal or distal) Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Symptomatic PE Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in symptomatic PE Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Major bleeding · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists may leads to higher bleeding ‐ major Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Bleeding ‐ clinically indicated non‐major Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Minor bleeding · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in bleeding ‐ minor Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DOAC vs heparin

Symptomatic VTE · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

DOAC showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE (DVT and PE) Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DOAC vs heparin

Symptomatic DVT · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

DOAC showed no clear difference in symptomatic DVT (proximal or distal) Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review