Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,730 questions · 18,059 findings · 1,282 reviews

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No studies found 4,360 · 24.1%GRADE not reported 2,529 · 14%Very low 4,641 · 25.7%Low 4,007 · 22.2%Moderate 2,057 · 11.4%High 465 · 2.6%

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Motivational interviewing vs no intervention

Readiness for change · people with substance use (adults, young adults, adolescents)

1 finding from 1 review

Motivational interviewing for substance use reduction 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 1495 participants
Very low

Motivational interviewing vs no intervention

Retention in treatment · people with substance use (adults, young adults, adolescents)

1 finding from 1 review

Motivational interviewing for substance use reduction 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 427 participants
Very low

Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention

Effect on later sexual function · symptomatic or early postmenopausal women1.

4 findings from 1 review

Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 699 participants
Moderate
Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 883 participants
Very low
Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 215 participants
Very low

Show 1 more finding

Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 542 participants
Very low

Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention

Effect on later sexual function · Postmenopausal women

5 findings from 1 review

Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 272 participants
Very low
Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 608 participants
Moderate
Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 104 participants
Very low

Show 2 more findings

Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 105 participants
Very low
Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1525 participants
Low

Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention

Estrogen + progestogens · symptomatic or early postmenopausal women1.

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

McKenzie therapy vs minimal intervention

Pain intensity various scales short‐term · patients with non‐specific acute and subacute low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 328 participants
Low

McKenzie therapy vs other interventions

Pain intensity various scales short‐term · patients with non‐specific acute and subacute low back pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

McKenzie therapy vs other interventions

Pain: intermediate‐term · patients with non‐specific acute and subacute low back pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

McKenzie therapy vs other interventions

Disability Multiple scales (0 to 100) Short‐term · patients with non‐specific acute and subacute low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 30 participants
Very low

McKenzie therapy vs other interventions

Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · patients with non‐specific acute and subacute low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 25 participants
Very low

McKenzie therapy vs other interventions

Adverse events · patients with non‐specific acute and subacute low back pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

McKenzie therapy vs minimal intervention

Pain: intermediate‐term · patients with non‐specific acute and subacute low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 180 participants
Low

McKenzie therapy vs minimal intervention

Disability 1 week (immediate term) (RMDQ 0 to 24) · patients with non‐specific acute and subacute low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 328 participants
Low

McKenzie therapy vs minimal intervention

Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · patients with non‐specific acute and subacute low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 180 participants
Low

McKenzie therapy vs minimal intervention

Adverse events · patients with non‐specific acute and subacute low back pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Oral stimulation vs non‐oral intervention

Time (days) to achieve exclusive oral feeding · preterm infants

1 finding from 1 review

Oral stimulation for promoting oral feeding in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 574 participants
Very low

Oral stimulation vs non‐oral intervention

Time (days) spent in NICU ‐ not reported · preterm infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral stimulation for promoting oral feeding in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Oral stimulation vs non‐oral intervention

Length of hospital stay · preterm infants

1 finding from 1 review

Oral stimulation for promoting oral feeding in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 591 participants
Low

Oral stimulation vs non‐oral intervention

Duration (days) of parenteral nutrition · preterm infants

1 finding from 1 review

Oral stimulation for promoting oral feeding in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 268 participants
Very low

Methylphenidate vs placebo or no intervention

ADHD symptoms · Children and adolescents with ADHD

It is very uncertain whether methylphenidate changes ADHD symptoms: all parallel‐group trials and first‐period cross‐over… compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Methylphenidate for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
21 studies · 1728 participants
Very low