Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,954 questions · 2,335 findings · 149 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 436 · 18.7%GRADE not reported 1,370 · 58.7%Very low 254 · 10.9%Low 173 · 7.4%Moderate 80 · 3.4%High 22 · 0.9%

Summary of findings table ‐ Topical capsaicin vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Orthodontic treatment with appliances inducing stable, permanent orthodontic tooth movement (splints worn 8 to 12 weeks and surgical interventions excluded) vs Control: no treatment, placebo, or reassurance

Patient quality of life · Adults aged 18 years or older with clinically diagnosed TMD (exhibiting two or more of the listed signs and/or symptoms)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral gabapentin vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Hypnosis vs Inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide and oxygen

Completion of treatment · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Completion of treatment (yes/no) was a protocol-planned primary outcome but was not reported by the included study for this comparison (Braithwaite 2005); one participant in the sedation arm was withdrawn during…
    Studies not reported
    No studies found

Orthodontic treatment with appliances inducing stable, permanent orthodontic tooth movement (splints worn 8 to 12 weeks and surgical interventions excluded) vs Control: no treatment, placebo, or reassurance

Adverse effects on oral health · Adults aged 18 years or older with clinically diagnosed TMD (exhibiting two or more of the listed signs and/or symptoms)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral diazepam vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral propranolol vs placebo

Change in pain index · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral propranolol (beta-blocker) showed no clear difference in change in pain index compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral diclofenac sodium (NSAID) vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

Participants' assessment of improvement of pain in right TMJ (VAS) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in participants' assessment of improvement of pain in right TMJ (VAS) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

No improvement in TMJ pain on external palpation · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in no improvement in TMJ pain on external palpation compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Hypnosis vs Inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide and oxygen

Anxiety control and overall response to treatment during tooth extraction · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Hypnosis did not provide sufficient anxiety control during tooth extraction, and overall response to treatment remained statistically lower than response to inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide and oxygen (i.e. the…
    1 study · 10 participants
    GRADE not reported

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

Pain on palpation of right masseter muscle (VAS) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in pain on palpation of right masseter muscle (VAS) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

No improvement in spontaneous TMJ pain · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in no improvement in spontaneous TMJ pain compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Topical methyl salicylate (Theraflex-TMJ) vs placebo

Spontaneous masseter muscle pain (numerical graph rating scale) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Topical methyl salicylate (Theraflex-TMJ) led to lower spontaneous masseter muscle pain (numerical graph rating scale) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Screening for domestic violence vs Different screening tool

Proportion of victims of domestic violence detected by self report · Adults (16 years of age and older) who present to any healthcare setting with dental or facial injury

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Topical methyl salicylate (Theraflex-TMJ) vs placebo

Spontaneous pain in the TMJ (VAS) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Topical methyl salicylate (Theraflex-TMJ) led to lower spontaneous TMJ pain (numerical graph rating scale) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral glucosamine hydrochloride/chondroitin sulphate vs placebo

Total pain rating index (McGill Pain Questionnaire) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral glucosamine hydrochloride/chondroitin sulphate showed no clear difference in total pain rating index (McGill Pain Questionnaire) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

No improvement in TMJ pain during mastication · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in no improvement in TMJ pain during mastication compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Hypnosis vs No hypnosis (no hypnotic intervention)

Completion of treatment · Children and adolescents (0 to 16 years) needing dental treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Completion of treatment was a protocol-planned primary outcome but was not reported as an outcome by any of the three included studies; statistical analysis and meta-analysis were not possible due to the insufficient…
    Studies not reported
    No studies found

Hypnosis vs No hypnosis (no hypnotic intervention)

Physiological measures during local anaesthesia (pulse rate and oxygen saturation) · Children aged 4 to 13 years with no previous dental experience undergoing restorative treatment with local anaesthesia (Gokli 1994)
1 finding from 1 review
  • With regard to oxygen saturation and pulse rate, only pulse rate was significantly lower in the hypnosis group (P = 0.005); oxygen saturation did not differ significantly. (Gokli 1994; cross-over, 29 children.)
    1 study · 29 participants
    GRADE not reported