Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3,584 questions · 3,695 findings · 567 reviews

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No studies found 784 · 21.2%GRADE not reported 308 · 8.3%Very low 1,036 · 28%Low 971 · 26.3%Moderate 440 · 11.9%High 156 · 4.2%

Ceftriaxone vs fluoroquinolones

Microbiological failure · adults and children with enteric fever

It is very uncertain whether ceftriaxone changes microbiological failure compared with fluoroquinolones (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.65 [0.4, 6.83]
3 studies · 316 participants
Very low

Ceftriaxone vs fluoroquinolones

Relapse · adults and children with enteric fever

It is very uncertain whether ceftriaxone changes relapse compared with fluoroquinolones (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.31, 2.92]
3 studies · 297 participants
Very low

Ceftriaxone vs fluoroquinolones

Time to defervescence · adults and children with enteric fever

It is very uncertain whether ceftriaxone changes time to defervescence compared with fluoroquinolones (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 2.73
3 studies · 285 participants
Very low

Ceftriaxone vs fluoroquinolones

Length of hospital stay · adults and children with enteric fever

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 47 participants
Low

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Microbiological failure · adults and children with enteric fever

Cefixime showed no clear difference in microbiological failure compared with fluoroquinolones (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.07 [0.46, 36.41]
2 studies · 240 participants
Low

Ceftriaxone vs fluoroquinolones

Convalescent faecal carriage · adults and children with enteric fever

It is very uncertain whether ceftriaxone changes convalescent faecal carriage compared with fluoroquinolones (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.18 [0.01, 3.72]
1 study · 73 participants
Very low

Ceftriaxone vs fluoroquinolones

Serious adverse events · adults and children with enteric fever

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Relapse · adults and children with enteric fever

Cefixime may leads to higher relapse compared with fluoroquinolones (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.45 [1.11, 17.84]
2 studies · 220 participants
Low

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Time to defervescence · adults and children with enteric fever

Cefixime may leads to higher time to defervescence compared with fluoroquinolones (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 1.74 [0.5, 2.98]
3 studies · 425 participants
Low

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Length of hospital stay · adults and children with enteric fever

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Convalescent faecal carriage · adults and children with enteric fever

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Serious adverse events · adults and children with enteric fever

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Ceftriaxone vs azithromycin

Clinical failure · children under 18 years of age with enteric fever

Ceftriaxone showed no clear difference in clinical failure compared with azithromycin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.42 [0.11, 1.57]
3 studies · 196 participants
Low

Ceftriaxone vs azithromycin

Microbiological failure · children under 18 years of age with enteric fever

It is very uncertain whether ceftriaxone changes microbiological failure compared with azithromycin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.95 [0.36, 10.64]
3 studies · 196 participants
Very low

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy vs empirical antifungal therapy

All‐cause mortality · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with empirical antifungal therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy versus empirical antifungal therapy for febrile neutropenia in people with cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.72, 1.3]
6 studies · 1459 participants
Low

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy vs empirical antifungal therapy

Mortality ascribed to fungal infection · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy showed no clear difference in mortality ascribed to fungal infection compared with empirical antifungal therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy versus empirical antifungal therapy for febrile neutropenia in people with cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.92 [0.45, 1.89]
5 studies · 1407 participants
Low

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy vs empirical antifungal therapy

Proportion of antifungal agent use (other than prophylactic use) · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

It is very uncertain whether pre‐emptive antifungal therapy changes proportion of antifungal agent use (other than prophylactic use) compared with empirical antifungal therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy versus empirical antifungal therapy for febrile neutropenia in people with cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.71 [0.47, 1.05]
7 studies · 1480 participants
Very low

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy vs empirical antifungal therapy

Duration of antifungal use (days) · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

It is very uncertain whether pre‐emptive antifungal therapy changes duration of antifungal use (days) compared with empirical antifungal therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy versus empirical antifungal therapy for febrile neutropenia in people with cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 764 participants
Very low

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy vs empirical antifungal therapy

Invasive fungal infection detection · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

It is very uncertain whether pre‐emptive antifungal therapy changes invasive fungal infection detection compared with empirical antifungal therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy versus empirical antifungal therapy for febrile neutropenia in people with cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.7 [0.71, 4.05]
7 studies · 1480 participants
Very low

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy vs empirical antifungal therapy

Adverse effects · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy versus empirical antifungal therapy for febrile neutropenia in people with cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1074 participants
Very low