Findings

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,411 questions · 5,986 findings · 226 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 1,305 · 21.8%GRADE not reported 2,988 · 49.9%Very low 1,030 · 17.2%Low 476 · 8%Moderate 156 · 2.6%High 31 · 0.5%

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Povidone iodine rinse vs Saline rinse or placebo

Adverse effects · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
1 finding from 1 review

All fluorescence-based devices (red, blue, and green fluorescence combined) vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, or enhanced visual examination)

Diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) by subgroup: Occlusal surfaces (detection of early enamel caries, D1 threshold) · Asymptomatic children, adolescents, or adults presenting for clinical examination (in vivo studies), or extracted teeth of children or…
1 finding from 1 review

Resin-based fissure sealant vs Fluoride varnish

Dentine caries in permanent molars (24 months) · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

It is very uncertain whether resin-based fissure sealant changes dentine caries in permanent molars (yes/no) compared with fluoride varnish (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Clobetasol propionate ointment vs Triamcinolone acetonide ointment

Clinical resolution · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment

Clobetasol propionate ointment may leads to higher clinical resolution compared with triamcinolone acetonide ointment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

0.1% chlorine dioxide mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

Dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

0.1% chlorine dioxide mouthwash may leads to lower dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with placebo mouthwash (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mechanical tongue cleaning (tongue scraper) vs No tongue cleaning

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 2 weeks
    Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Gingivitis · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

It is very uncertain whether rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing changes gingivitis (proportion of bleeding sites) compared with toothbrushing alone (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste vs 250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste may leads to lower caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with 250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1450 ppm F toothpaste vs 250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)

1450 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index d(m)ft compared with 250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing

Plaque · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

It is very uncertain whether rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing changes plaque compared with flossing plus toothbrushing (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT compared with 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Scheduled dental recall intervals (1-, 3- or 6-monthly; oral hygiene instruction with or without scale and polish) plus daily supervised toothbrushing by carers vs usual care

Calculus · Adults (mean age 30.9 years), level of ID unclear; setting day centre

Scheduled dental recall intervals (1-, 3- or 6-monthly; oral hygiene… may leads to lower calculus (long term) compared with usual care (no specific treatment) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lactobacillus salivarius WB21 tablets vs placebo (3 tablets/4 times a day

OLT and VSC scores · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Suzuki 2014 (cross-over RCT) compared Lactobacillus salivarius WB21 tablets versus placebo tablets (OLT and VSC by gas chromatography). The trial did not give usable data and we could not extract data from the graph.
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Dental cavity liner (e.g. calcium hydroxide, glass ionomer, resin-modified glass ionomer, or flowable composite) placed under the restoration vs No liner (resin-based composite bonded directly to the tooth)

Postoperative hypersensitivity (POH), patient-reported (dichotomous yes/no) · Adults or children with a Class I or Class II resin-based composite restoration in a permanent posterior tooth

Dental cavity liner (e.g. calcium hydroxide, glass ionomer,… showed no clear difference in postoperative hypersensitivity (POH), patient-reported (dichotomous… compared with no liner (resin-based composite bonded directly to the tooth) (low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

1450 ppm F toothpaste vs 250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)

1450 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, surface index d(m)fs compared with 250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review