Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

157 questions · 161 findings · 17 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 41 · 25.5%GRADE not reported 3 · 1.9%Very low 24 · 14.9%Low 37 · 23%Moderate 54 · 33.5%High 2 · 1.2%

Inhaled steroids vs systemic steroids

General conceptual ability (GCA) score at 7 years The test has a standardisation mean of 100 and SD of 15 · Neonates with developing BPD

Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in general conceptual ability (GCA) score at 7 years The test has a… compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled steroids vs systemic steroids

Systolic blood pressure > 95th percentile at 7 years · Neonates with developing BPD

Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in systolic blood pressure > 95th percentile at 7 years compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled steroids vs systemic corticosteroids

BPD or death at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age№ of participants: 0 (0 RCTs) · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support

Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in death or BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age among all randomised compared with systemic corticosteroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled steroids vs systemic corticosteroids

Death or BPD (28 days) · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support

Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in death or BPD at 28 days compared with systemic corticosteroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled steroids vs systemic corticosteroids

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support

Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with systemic corticosteroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review