Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

370 questions · 394 findings · 64 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 88 · 22.3%GRADE not reported 20 · 5.1%Very low 74 · 18.8%Low 115 · 29.2%Moderate 87 · 22.1%High 10 · 2.5%

Vitamin A vs no supplementation

Chronic lung disease · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Supplemental vitamin A showed no clear difference in chronic lung disease (oxygen use at 28 days in survivors) compared with no supplementation (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Vitamin A vs no supplementation

Death or chronic lung disease · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Supplemental vitamin A probably leads to lower death or chronic lung disease (oxygen use at 28 days) compared with no supplementation (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Vitamin A vs no supplementation

Death before 36 weeks' postmenstrual age · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Supplemental vitamin A showed no clear difference in death before 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with no supplementation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A vs no supplementation

Neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 22 months · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Supplemental vitamin A showed no clear difference in neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 22 months compared with no supplementation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Balloon (Foley or ATAD) vs low‐dose oral misoprostol

Vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours · third trimester induction of labour in women with a viable fetus

Balloon (Foley or ATAD) probably leads to higher vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours compared with low‐dose oral misoprostol (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic corticosteroids plus intranasal steroid/mucolytic/decongestant vs no intervention

Psychophysical testing for recovery of sense of smell · adults with olfactory dysfunction for ≥ 4 weeks following COVID‐19 infection

It is very uncertain whether systemic corticosteroids plus intranasal… changes psychophysical testing for recovery of sense of smell compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Palmitoylethanolamide and luteolin vs no intervention

Recovery of sense of smell (as · adults with olfactory dysfunction for ≥ 4 weeks following COVID‐19 infection

It is very uncertain whether palmitoylethanolamide and luteolin changes recovery of sense of smell (as compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surface‐modified vs standard catheter

Recovery of kidney function · AKI patients receiving CKRT

Surface‐modified showed no clear difference in recovery of kidney function compared with standard double‐lumen catheter with identical geometry and flow design (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Discontinued intravenous (IV) oxytocin stimulation vs continued IV oxytocin stimulation

Apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes · pregnant women in latent phase of labour stimulated with oxytocin for with induction of labour. No exclusion criteria were applied in…

Discontinued intravenous (IV) oxytocin stimulation may leads to lower apgar score at five minutes below seven compared with continued IV oxytocin stimulation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Foley catheter vs intravenous (IV) oxytocin

Vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours · pregnant women with a previous low transverse caesarean section, singleton live pregnancy with cephalic presentation, period of gestation…

Foley catheter showed no clear difference in vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours compared with intravenous (IV) oxytocin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vaginal isosorbide mononitrate vs Foley catheter

Vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours · pregnant women with 1 previous lower segment caesarean section at 37 weeks and beyond, with a BS of ≤ 6, intact membranes, reactive…

Vaginal isosorbide mononitrate may leads to higher vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours compared with foley catheter (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

80 mL vs Foley catheter

Vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours · pregnant women who previously had a lower segment CS and now have a singleton cephalic presentation after at least 36 completed weeks, not…

80 mL showed no clear difference in vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours compared with 30 mL Foley catheter (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Global assessment of treatment success Satisfactory pace of recovery · people following primary uncemented THA

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes global assessment of treatment success Satisfactory pace of recovery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review