Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

234 questions · 259 findings · 25 reviews · Stroke

No studies found 88 · 34%GRADE not reported 2 · 0.8%Very low 79 · 30.5%Low 47 · 18.1%Moderate 37 · 14.3%High 6 · 2.3%

Dysarthria intervention vs placebo or other interventions

Dysarthria intervention versus any control for stroke subgroup: persisting effects, activity level · adults with dysarthria following stroke or other adult‐acquired, non‐progressive brain injury
2 findings from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Subjective memory measures (immediate outcome) · patients with memory deficits following stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Quality of life measures (long‐term outcome) · patients with memory deficits following stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Subjective memory measures (long‐term outcome) · patients with memory deficits following stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Objective memory measures (immediate outcome) ‐ comprehensive batteries · patients with memory deficits following stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Objective memory measures (immediate outcome) ‐ verbal memory sub‐tests · patients with memory deficits following stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Objective memory measures (long‐term outcome) ‐ comprehensive batteries · patients with memory deficits following stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Functional ability measures (immediate outcome) · patients with memory deficits following stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mood measures (immediate outcome) · patients with memory deficits following stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mood measures (long‐term outcome) · patients with memory deficits following stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Quality of life measures (immediate outcome) · patients with memory deficits following stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antispasticity drugs vs placebo

Indirect measure of spasticity Modified Ashworth Scale · people with spasticity following stroke

It is very uncertain whether systemic antispasticity drugs changes indirect measure of spasticity Modified Ashworth Scale compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Activities of daily living (primary outcome) · participants after stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Arm‐hand activity · participants after stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Standing balance · participants after stroke
1 finding from 1 review