Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

172 questions · 179 findings · 40 reviews · Musculoskeletal

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No studies found 21 · 11.7%GRADE not reported 7 · 3.9%Very low 24 · 13.4%Low 68 · 38%Moderate 45 · 25.1%High 14 · 7.8%

Intervention not reported

Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · Patients with peripheral joint osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for peripheral joint osteoarthritis 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 1835 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Function (long term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 68 points (higher is worse function). · Patients with knee osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for peripheral joint osteoarthritis 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1398 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Function (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 68 points (higher is worse function). · Patients with peripheral joint osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for peripheral joint osteoarthritis 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 1767 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Pain (long term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · Patients with peripheral joint osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for peripheral joint osteoarthritis 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1399 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Function (long term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 68 points (higher is worse function). · Patients with peripheral joint osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for peripheral joint osteoarthritis 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1398 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · Patients with knee osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for peripheral joint osteoarthritis 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 1773 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Function (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 68 points (higher is worse function). · Patients with knee osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for peripheral joint osteoarthritis 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 1767 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Pain (long term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · Patients with knee osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for peripheral joint osteoarthritis 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1399 participants
High

Augmented subscapularis transposition vs subscapularis transposition alone during total shoulder arthroplasty

Pain The Hospital for Special Surgrery 100‐point scoring system. Scale from: 0 to 30 (higher is better). · Patients with rheumatoid shoulder

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical interventions for the rheumatoid shoulder 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 39 participants
Low

Augmented subscapularis transposition vs subscapularis transposition alone during total shoulder arthroplasty

Function The Hospital for Special Surgery 100‐point scoring system. Scale from: 0 to 20 (higher is better). · Patients with rheumatoid shoulder

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical interventions for the rheumatoid shoulder 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 39 participants
Low

Augmented subscapularis transposition vs subscapularis transposition alone during total shoulder arthroplasty

Range of motion The Hospital for Special Surgery 100‐point scoring system . Scale from: 0 to 25 (higher is better). · Patients with rheumatoid shoulder

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical interventions for the rheumatoid shoulder 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 39 participants
Low

Total Shoulder Arthroplasty vs hemiarthroplasty

Disability/Function (ASES) American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder Score. Scale from: 0 to 100 (Higher is better). · patients with Shoulder osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for shoulder osteoarthritis 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 88 participants
Moderate

Intermittent/cyclic etidronate 400 mg/day vs placebo

Wrist fractures · postmenopausal women with a higher risk for fracturesa

It is very uncertain whether intermittent/cyclic etidronate 400 mg/day changes wrist fractures compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.13, 6.04]
Studies not reported
Very low

Intermittent/cyclic etidronate 400 mg/day vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · postmenopausal women with a higher risk for fracturesa

It is very uncertain whether intermittent/cyclic etidronate 400 mg/day changes withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.09 [0.54, 2.18]
Studies not reported
Very low

Intermittent/cyclic etidronate 400 mg/day vs placebo

Serious adverse events · postmenopausal women with a higher risk for fracturesa

1 finding from 1 review

Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intermittent/cyclic etidronate 400 mg/day vs placebo

Clinical vertebral fractures · postmenopausal women with a higher risk for fracturesa

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intermittent/cyclic etidronate 400 mg/day vs placebo

Non‐vertebral fractures · postmenopausal women with a higher risk for fracturesa

Intermittent/cyclic etidronate 400 mg/day showed no clear difference in non‐vertebral fractures compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.07 [0.72, 1.58]
Studies not reported
Low

Intermittent/cyclic etidronate 400 mg/day vs placebo

Hip Fracture · postmenopausal women with a higher risk for fracturesa

It is very uncertain whether intermittent/cyclic etidronate 400 mg/day changes hip fractures compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.93 [0.17, 5.19]
Studies not reported
Very low

Risedronate 5 mg/day vs placebo

Wrist fractures · pPostmenopausal women at higher risk of fractures1

It is very uncertain whether risedronate 5 mg/day changes wrist fractures compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Risedronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.64 [0.33, 1.24]
Studies not reported
Very low

Risedronate 5 mg/day vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · pPostmenopausal women at higher risk of fractures1

Risedronate 5 mg/day showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Risedronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.9, 1.07]
Studies not reported
High