Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

294 questions · 295 findings · 16 reviews · Schizophrenia

No studies found 79 · 26.8%GRADE not reported 32 · 10.8%Very low 99 · 33.6%Low 55 · 18.6%Moderate 17 · 5.8%High 13 · 4.4%

HALOPERIDOL vs lorazepam

Global outcome: no overall improvement ‐ at 30 minutes · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes global outcome: no overall improvement ‐ at 60 minutes compared with BENZODIAZEPINE: b. LORAZEPAM (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs lorazepam

Adverse effects: specific ‐ dystonia · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes adverse effects: specific ‐ dystonia (only reported if occurred in… compared with BENZODIAZEPINE: b. LORAZEPAM (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs lorazepam

Adverse effects: Specific ‐ hypertonia/rigidity (only reported if occurred in ≥9%) during 24 hours · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes adverse effects: specific ‐ hypertonia/rigidity (only reported if… compared with BENZODIAZEPINE: b. LORAZEPAM (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Specific behaviour: aggression ‐ important decrease in aggression · people with long‐term aggression in psychosis

HALOPERIDOL leads to lower specific behaviour: aggression ‐ important decrease in aggression compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTICS (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Specific behaviour ‐ threat or injury to self or others average change score (ABS, high = worse) at 2 hours · people with long‐term aggression in psychosis

HALOPERIDOL leads to lower specific behaviours ‐ threat or injury to others/self compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTICS (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs first‐generation antipsychotics

Clinically important response to treatment (short term) · patients with schizophrenia

Haloperidol showed no clear difference in clinically important response to treatment (short term) compared with first‐generation antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review