What do systematic reviews say?

Hysterectomy (radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs chemoradiotherapy alone

Hysterectomy (radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival Median compared with chemoradiotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.94 [0.76, 1.16]
  2 studies · 1253 participants
  Moderate

Hysterectomy (radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs chemoradiotherapy alone

Hysterectomy (radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy may leads to higher DFS Median compared with chemoradiotherapy alone (low certainty).

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.38 [1.02, 1.87]
  1 study · 633 participants
  Low

Hysterectomy (radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs chemoradiotherapy alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Hysterectomy (radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs chemoradiotherapy alone

It is very uncertain whether hysterectomy (radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy changes SAEs and toxicity compared with chemoradiotherapy alone (very low certainty).

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 4
  1 study · 198 participants
  Very low

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs Radiotherapy alone

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival Median compared with radiotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.71 [0.55, 0.93]
  3 studies · 571 participants
  Moderate

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs Radiotherapy alone

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed no clear difference in disease‐ or progression‐free survival Median compared with radiotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.75 [0.53, 1.05]
  3 studies · 571 participants
  Moderate

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs Radiotherapy alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs Radiotherapy alone

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed no clear difference in severe adverse events and toxicity compared with radiotherapy alone (low certainty).

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.32 [0.47, 3.71]
  1 study · 118 participants
  Low

Summary of findings 1: PLD with chemotherapy vs PLD alone

Summary of findings 3: PLD with chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) compared with PLD alone (moderate certainty).

• Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.92 [0.7, 1.21]
  1 study · 242 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings 1: PLD with chemotherapy vs PLD alone

Summary of findings 3: PLD with chemotherapy showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with PLD alone (low certainty).

• Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.94 [0.73, 1.22]
  2 studies · 353 participants
  Low

Summary of findings 1: PLD with chemotherapy vs PLD alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings 1: PLD with chemotherapy vs PLD alone

Summary of findings 3: PLD with chemotherapy probably leads to higher overall severe adverse events (grade ≥ 3) compared with PLD alone (moderate certainty).

• Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.48 [1.98, 3.09]
  1 study · 663 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings 1: PLD with chemotherapy vs PLD alone

Summary of findings 3: PLD with chemotherapy probably leads to higher anaemia (grade ≥ 3) compared with PLD alone (moderate certainty).

• Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.38 [1.46, 3.87]
  2 studies · 785 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings 1: PLD with chemotherapy vs PLD alone

Summary of findings 3: PLD with chemotherapy probably leads to lower hand‐foot syndrome (grade ≥ 3) compared with PLD alone (moderate certainty).

• Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.24 [0.14, 0.4]
  2 studies · 785 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings 1: PLD with chemotherapy vs PLD alone

Summary of findings 3: PLD with chemotherapy showed no clear difference in neurological (grade ≥ 3) compared with PLD alone (low certainty).

• Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.4 [0.85, 2.31]
  1 study · 663 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in intervention: radiotherapy Comparison: chemotherapy Outcome:… (low certainty).

• Long‐term neurocognitive and other side effects of radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, for glioma 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.43 [0.36, 5.7]
  1 study · 117 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes number of courses of chemotherapy to cure (very low certainty).

• Prophylactic chemotherapy for hydatidiform mole to prevent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 1.1 [0.52, 1.68]
  1 study · 14 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine for recurrent high‐grade glioma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 35 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine for recurrent high‐grade glioma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 441 participants
  Moderate

Probiotics vs placebo

• Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 771 participants
  Low