Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3,092 questions · 3,199 findings · 339 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 714 · 22.3%GRADE not reported 181 · 5.7%Very low 695 · 21.7%Low 908 · 28.4%Moderate 568 · 17.8%High 133 · 4.2%

SDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention

Drug absorption: cardenolide: AUC (µg/L × h) · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (not specified, tricyclic antidepressants, combinations of different drugs or yellow…

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 68 participants
Very low

SDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention

Hospitalization · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (not specified, tricyclic antidepressants, combinations of different drugs or yellow…

It is very uncertain whether SDAC + hospital intervention changes incidence of hospitalization compared with hospital intervention alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.57 [1.22, 2.02]
1 study · 1479 participants
Very low

SDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention

Incidence of admissions to the ICU · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (not specified, tricyclic antidepressants, combinations of different drugs or yellow…

It is very uncertain whether SDAC + hospital intervention changes incidence of ICU admission compared with hospital intervention alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.33 [1.42, 3.82]
1 study · 1479 participants
Very low

MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention

Incidence of mortality · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (carbamazepine, yellow oleander, or combinations of different drugs)

It is very uncertain whether MDAC + hospital intervention changes incidence of mortality compared with SDAC + hospital intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.59 [0.21, 1.63]
2 studies · 3476 participants
Very low

MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention

Incidence of adverse events · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (carbamazepine, yellow oleander, or combinations of different drugs)

MDAC + hospital intervention may leads to higher incidence of adverse events compared with SDAC + hospital intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Peto OR 3.55 [1.85, 6.79]
2 studies · 3476 participants
Low

MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention

Incidence and severity of symptoms of poisoning: incidence of need for intubation · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (carbamazepine, yellow oleander, or combinations of different drugs)

MDAC + hospital intervention showed no clear difference in incidence and severity of symptoms of poisoning: incidence of need… compared with SDAC + hospital intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.75, 1.38]
2 studies · 3097 participants
Low

MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention

Duration of intubation · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (carbamazepine, yellow oleander, or combinations of different drugs)

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2 participants
Very low

MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention

Drug absorption: cardenolide: AUC (µg × L/h) · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (carbamazepine, yellow oleander, or combinations of different drugs)

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 64 participants
Very low

SDAC vs no intervention

Incidence of adverse events · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (paracetamol or not specified)

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 476 participants
Very low

MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention

Hospitalization · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (carbamazepine, yellow oleander, or combinations of different drugs)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention

Incidence of admissions to the ICU · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (carbamazepine, yellow oleander, or combinations of different drugs)

MDAC + hospital intervention may leads to lower incidence of ICU admission compared with SDAC + hospital intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.31 [0.12, 0.83]
1 study · 401 participants
Low

SDAC vs syrup of ipecac

Incidence of mortality · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (anti‐inflammatory drugs, analgesics or psychotropic drugs)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

SDAC vs syrup of ipecac

Incidence of adverse events · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (anti‐inflammatory drugs, analgesics or psychotropic drugs)

It is very uncertain whether SDAC changes incidence of adverse events compared with syrup of ipecac (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.24 [0.26, 5.83]
1 study · 34 participants
Very low

SDAC vs syrup of ipecac

Incidence and severity of symptoms of poisoning: level of coma · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (anti‐inflammatory drugs, analgesics or psychotropic drugs)

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 34 participants
Very low

SDAC vs syrup of ipecac

Duration of toxic symptoms · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (anti‐inflammatory drugs, analgesics or psychotropic drugs)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

SDAC vs syrup of ipecac

Drug absorption · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (anti‐inflammatory drugs, analgesics or psychotropic drugs)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

SDAC vs syrup of ipecac

Hospitalization · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (anti‐inflammatory drugs, analgesics or psychotropic drugs)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

SDAC vs syrup of ipecac

Incidence of admissions to the ICU · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (anti‐inflammatory drugs, analgesics or psychotropic drugs)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

MDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention

Incidence of mortality · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (benzodiazepines, yellow oleander or combinations of different drugs)

MDAC + hospital intervention showed no clear difference in incidence of mortality compared with hospital intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.94 [0.72, 1.22]
1 study · 3085 participants
Low

SDAC vs no intervention

Incidence and severity of symptoms of poisoning: incidence of clinical deterioration during stay in the hospital · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (paracetamol or not specified)

1 finding from 1 review

First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 451 participants
Very low